{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:46:53Z","timestamp":1787244413624,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Assignments of Limnological Institute SB RAS","award":["0279-2021-0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0279-2021-0008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect is studied of water-suspended soot microparticles on the actin cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and proliferation in the gill epithelium of pearl gourami. To this end, the fish are kept in aquariums with 0.005 g\/L of soot for 5 and 14 days. Laser confocal microscopy is used to find that at the analyzed times of exposure to the pollutant zones appear in the gill epithelium, where the actin framework of adhesion belts dissociates and F-actin either forms clumps or concentrates perinuclearly. It is shown that the exposure to soot microparticles enhances apoptosis. On day 5, suppression of the proliferation of cells occurs, but the proliferation increases to the control values on day 14. Such a paradoxical increase in proliferation may be a compensatory process, maintaining the necessary level of gill function under the exposure to toxic soot. This process may occur until the gills\u2019 recovery reserve is exhausted. In general, soot microparticles cause profound changes in the actin cytoskeleton in gill cells, greatly enhance cell death, and influence cell proliferation as described. Together, these processes may cause gill dysfunction and affect the viability of fish.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T06:07:26Z","timestamp":1697177246000},"page":"15146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Degenerative and Regenerative Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements, Cell Death, and Paradoxical Proliferation in the Gills of Pearl Gourami (Trichogaster leerii) Exposed to Suspended Soot Microparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5565-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay P.","family":"Sudakov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4554-6854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung-Ming","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Yi","family":"Renn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4732-1501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor V.","family":"Klimenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10896","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cp00402b","article-title":"Structural and hygroscopic changes of soot during heterogeneous reaction with O(3)","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. 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