{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T13:42:37Z","timestamp":1793540557756,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1C1C1009530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1C1C1009530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022R1F1A1074698"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1F1A1074698"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of C-peptide on C2C12 myotubes and a mouse model. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to elucidate the role of C-peptide in muscle atrophy. Various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 nM) of C-peptide were used on the differentiated C2C12 myotubes with or without dexamethasone (DEX). C57BL\/6J mice were administered with C-peptide and DEX for 8 days, followed by C-peptide treatment for 12 days. Compared to the DEX group, C-peptide increased the fusion and differentiation indices and suppressed atrophic factor expression in C2C12 myotubes. However, 100 nM C-peptide decreased the fusion and differentiation indices and increased atrophic factor expression regardless of DEX treatment. In C57BL\/6J mice, DEX + C-peptide co-treatment significantly attenuated the body and muscle weight loss and improved the grip strength and cross-sectional area of the gastrocnemius (Gas) and quadriceps (Quad) muscles. C-peptide downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of muscle degradation-related markers, particularly Atrogin-1, in Gas and Quad muscles. This study underscores the potential of C-peptides in mitigating muscle weight reduction and preserving muscle function during muscle atrophy via molecular regulation. In addition, the work presents basic data for future studies on the effect of C-peptide on diabetic muscular dystrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T12:59:01Z","timestamp":1697893141000},"page":"15433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of C-Peptide on Dexamethasone-Induced In Vitro and In Vivo Models as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Muscle Atrophy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jinjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngmo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunwon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2022-3741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.89.1.81","article-title":"Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18\u201388 yr","volume":"89","author":"Janssen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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