{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:19:40Z","timestamp":1791645580879,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82151313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82151313"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92048204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92048204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Underactive bladder (UAB) is a prevalent but under-researched lower urinary tract symptom that typically occurs alongside detrusor underactivity (DU). Unlike UAB, DU is a urodynamic diagnosis which the International Continence Society (ICS) defines as \u201ca contraction of reduced strength and\/or duration, resulting in prolonged bladder emptying and\/or a failure to achieve complete bladder emptying within a normal time span\u201d. Despite the widespread prevalence of UAB\/DU, there are significant gaps in our understanding of its pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment compared with overactive bladder (OAB) and detrusor overactivity (DO). These gaps are such that clinicians regard UAB\/DU as an incurable condition. In recent years, the understanding of UAB has increased. The definition of UAB has been clarified, and the diagnostic criteria for DU have been considered more comprehensively. Meanwhile, a number of non-invasive diagnostic methods have also been reported. Clinical trials involving novel drugs, electrical stimulation, and stem cell therapy have shown promising results. Therefore, this review summarizes recent reports on UAB and DU and highlights the latest advances in their diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T06:28:25Z","timestamp":1698128905000},"page":"15517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Underactive Bladder and Detrusor Underactivity: New Advances and Prospectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lida","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.10052","article-title":"The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society","volume":"21","author":"Abrams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajur.2017.02.003","article-title":"Underactive bladder: Pathophysiology and clinical significance","volume":"5","author":"Aldamanhori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.02.030","article-title":"The underactive bladder: A new clinical concept?","volume":"68","author":"Chapple","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2401","article-title":"The neural control of micturition","volume":"9","author":"Fowler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2022.01.044","article-title":"European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Management of Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 2: Underactive Bladder, Bladder Outlet Obstruction, and Nocturia","volume":"82","author":"Arlandis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2019.37659","article-title":"Underactive bladder: A review of the current treatment concepts","volume":"45","author":"Bayrak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14653.x","article-title":"Clean intermittent self-catheterisation in 172 adults","volume":"65","author":"Webb","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.10.015","article-title":"Detrusor underactivity and the underactive bladder: A new clinical entity? A review of current terminology, definitions, epidemiology, aetiology, and diagnosis","volume":"65","author":"Osman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S60","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23570","article-title":"Do the definitions of the underactive bladder and detrusor underactivity help in managing patients: International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society (ICI-RS) Think Tank 2017?","volume":"37","author":"Tarcan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2928","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23701","article-title":"Terminology report from the International Continence Society (ICS) Working Group on Underactive Bladder (UAB)","volume":"37","author":"Chapple","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-016-0582-6","article-title":"Underactive Bladder","volume":"17","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Urol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0811-1","article-title":"Epidemiology and demographics of the underactive bladder: A cross-sectional survey","volume":"46","author":"Valente","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-016-1382-0","article-title":"A cross-sectional study in the USA of the epidemiology and quality of life of underactive bladder symptoms","volume":"48","author":"Faraj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.iju_160_22","article-title":"Urodynamics in the evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms in young adult men: A systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-04796-w","article-title":"Detrusor underactivity prevalence and risk factors according to different definitions in women attending urogynecology clinic","volume":"33","author":"Palmieri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000381","article-title":"Underactive bladder, detrusor underactivity, definition, symptoms, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, and risk factors","volume":"27","author":"Aldamanhori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2014.286","article-title":"Contemporary concepts in the aetiopathogenesis of detrusor underactivity","volume":"11","author":"Osman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9610","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009610","article-title":"Clinical and urodynamic characteristics of underactive bladder: Data analysis of 1726 cases from a single center","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.09.006","article-title":"Review of underactive bladder","volume":"117","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Formos. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_284_20","article-title":"Pathogenesis evidence from human and animal models of detrusor underactivity","volume":"34","author":"Jhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tzu Chi Med. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12257","article-title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms in detrusor underactivity: Novel experimental findings","volume":"11","author":"Vale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Blok, B., Castro-Diaz, J.P.D., Del Popolo, G., Groen, J., Hamid, R., Karsenty, G., Kessler, T.M., Ecclestone, H., Musco, S., and Padilla-Fern\u00e1ndez, B. (2023). EAU Guidelines on NeuroUrology, European Association of Urology (EAU)."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65498-3","article-title":"Acute cerebrovascular accident and lower urinary tract dysfunction: A prospective correlation of the site of brain injury with urodynamic findings","volume":"156","author":"Burney","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"993","article-title":"Assessment and Management of Urinary Dysfunction in 187 Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Park. Dis."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13307","article-title":"Urodynamic Evaluation in Multiple System Atrophy: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"8","author":"Kiss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov. Disord. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2017.04.009","article-title":"Chronic Urinary Retention in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Physiology, Systematic Review of Urodynamic Data, and Recommendations for Care","volume":"44","author":"Stoffel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22236","article-title":"Prevalence of bladder dysfunction, urodynamic findings, and their correlation with outcome in Guillain-Barre syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Naphade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2012.09.012","article-title":"Outcomes following proctectomy","volume":"93","author":"Bleier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oszczud\u0142owski, M., Bilski, K., Kozikowski, M., and Dobruch, J. (2022). De Novo Detrusor Underactivity and Other Urodynamic Findings after Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review. Medicina, 58.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030381"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-07823-2","article-title":"Recently urodynamic and quality of life assessment in the non-menopausal women with cervical cancer after radical hysterectomy","volume":"31","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2021.03.047","article-title":"Lower Urinary Tract Function in Patients with Inflammatory Encephalomyelopathy: Characteristics of Urodynamics, Neurological Deficits and Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"156","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51266","article-title":"Lower urinary tract and bowel dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxias","volume":"8","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"34","article-title":"Urodynamic findings in Charcot-Marie-Tooth patients with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"44","author":"Ruiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Actas Urol. Esp."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1701557","article-title":"Urinary Symptoms and Bladder Dysfunction in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Evaluation with Urodynamics and Management","volume":"11","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Rural. Pract."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23957","article-title":"Urological dysfunction in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"38","author":"Joussain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2017.1400973","article-title":"Neuro-urological sequelae of lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"128","author":"Gandhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23399","article-title":"Effect of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery on lower urinary tract dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"37","author":"Aruga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sager, C., Burek, C., Corbetta, J.P., Weller, S., Ruiz, J., Perea, R., Lago, E., Gomez, Y., Dur\u00e1n, V., and L\u00f3pez, J.C. (2017). Initial urological evaluation and management of children with neurogenic bladder due to myelomeningocele. J. Pediatr. Urol., 13.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2016.12.024"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12289","article-title":"Paucity of evidence for urinary tract outcomes in closed spinal dysraphism: A systematic review","volume":"112","author":"Veenboer","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2013.06.14","article-title":"Urinary symptoms and urodynamics findings in patients with Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"39","author":"Musegante","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Braz. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2022.05.010","article-title":"Herpes zoster-induced urologic and gastrointestinal dysfunction with residual neurogenic detrusor underactivity","volume":"26","author":"Biglione","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e230005","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-230005","article-title":"Severe presentation of antibody-negative, postinfectious steroid-responsive encephalitis and atonic bladder after herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"12","author":"Mrad","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22889","article-title":"Urological disturbance and its neuroanatomical correlate in patients with chronic brainstem stroke","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.02.013","article-title":"Urologic dysfunction and neurologic outcome in coma survivors after severe traumatic brain injury in the postacute and chronic phase","volume":"92","author":"Giannantoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20708","article-title":"Comparison of urodynamics between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients; can we suggest the category of urinary dysfunction in patients with cerebrovascular accident according to type of stroke?","volume":"29","author":"Han","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2010.02547.x","article-title":"Effect of dominant hemispheric stroke on detrusor function in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000055781.07630.aa","article-title":"A prospective controlled quantitative study of ultrastructural changes in the underactive detrusor","volume":"169","author":"Brierly","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santos-Pereira, M., and Charrua, A. (2020). Understanding underactive bladder: A review of the contemporary literature. Porto Biomed. J., 5.","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pbj.0000000000000070"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24313","article-title":"Are oxidative stress and ischemia significant causes of bladder damage leading to lower urinary tract dysfunction? Report from the ICI-RS 2019","volume":"39","author":"Speich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09445.x","article-title":"Bladder outlet obstruction: Progression from inflammation to fibrosis","volume":"106","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2142174.087","article-title":"Irreversible Bladder Remodeling Induced by Fibrosis","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1430","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00475.2019","article-title":"Sensitivity of urethral flow-evoked voiding reflexes decline with age in the rat: Insights into age-related underactive bladder","volume":"318","author":"Geramipour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12273","article-title":"Underactive bladder in aging rats is associated with a reduced number of serotonin-expressing cells in the urethra and is improved by serotonin application to the urethra","volume":"11","author":"Coelho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-022-10005-y","article-title":"Loss of resilience contributes to detrusor underactivity in advanced age","volume":"24","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6716","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33112-3","article-title":"Detrusor underactivity is associated with metabolic syndrome in aged primates","volume":"13","author":"Biscola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-022-00621-1","article-title":"Potential role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic bladder dysfunction","volume":"19","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2010.00136","article-title":"Bladder dysfunction in diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"Golbidi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.2337\/db22-0233","article-title":"Smooth Muscle Insulin Receptor Deletion Causes Voiding Dysfunction: A Mechanism for Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction","volume":"71","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2019.104304","article-title":"Long-term diabetes causes molecular alterations related to fibrosis and apoptosis in rat urinary bladder","volume":"111","author":"Elrashidy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F388","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00178.2019","article-title":"Detrusor contractility to parasympathetic mediators is differentially altered in the compensated and decompensated states of diabetic bladder dysfunction","volume":"317","author":"Klee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(06)00582-9","article-title":"Time dependent changes in diabetic cystopathy in rats include compensated and decompensated bladder function","volume":"176","author":"Daneshgari","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12025","article-title":"Statin-Associated Underactive Bladder","volume":"6","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2014","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1R172","article-title":"Ranolazine-induced severe bladder hypotonia","volume":"46","author":"Panfili","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/03008880410015426","article-title":"Detrusor contractility\u2014Order out of chaos","volume":"215","author":"Griffiths","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23260","article-title":"Comparison of three methods to analyze detrusor contraction during micturition in men over 50 years of age","volume":"36","author":"Donkelaar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12356","article-title":"Clinical diagnostic criteria for detrusor underactivity: A report from the Japanese Continence Society working group on underactive bladder","volume":"13","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14823","article-title":"Validation and clinical utility of the diagnostic criteria for detrusor underactivity in men proposed by the Japanese Continence Society","volume":"29","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2017.58.4.247","article-title":"How do we diagnose detrusor underactivity? Comparison of diagnostic criteria based on an urodynamic measure","volume":"58","author":"Jeong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig. Clin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00038-6","article-title":"Etiology of voiding dysfunction in men less than 50 years of age","volume":"47","author":"Kaplan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65862-4","article-title":"Videourodynamic studies in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: A comparison of community based versus referral urological practices","volume":"166","author":"Fusco","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64846-X","article-title":"Lower urinary tract symptoms in young men: Videourodynamic findings and correlation with noninvasive measures","volume":"168","author":"Nitti","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(03)00060-5","article-title":"Videourodynamics identifies the causes of young men with lower urinary tract symptoms and low uroflow","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2006.11.019","article-title":"Impaired detrusor contractility in community-dwelling elderly presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"69","author":"Abarbanel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2012.53.5.342","article-title":"Prevalence and Clinical Features of Detrusor Underactivity among Elderly with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Comparison between Men and Women","volume":"53","author":"Jeong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2015.19.3.185","article-title":"Underactive Bladder: Clinical Features, Urodynamic Parameters, and Treatment","volume":"19","author":"Hoag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.08.014","article-title":"Signs and Symptoms of Detrusor Underactivity: An Analysis of Clinical Presentation and Urodynamic Tests from a Large Group of Patients Undergoing Pressure Flow Studies","volume":"69","author":"Gammie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2016.57.6.437","article-title":"Does uroflowmetry parameter facilitate discrimination between detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction?","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig. Clin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.045","article-title":"Qualitative Exploration of the Patient Experience of Underactive Bladder","volume":"72","author":"Uren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14121","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and useful signs to differentiate detrusor underactivity from bladder outlet obstruction in men with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"27","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000616","article-title":"A Prediction Model of Detrusor Underactivity Based on Symptoms and Noninvasive Test Parameters in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: An Analysis of a Large Group of Patients undergoing Pressure-Flow Studies","volume":"203","author":"Namitome","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25044","article-title":"Two types of detrusor underactivity in men with nonneurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"42","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2022.11.011","article-title":"Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Pilot Study of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Detrusor Underactivity\/Underactive Bladder","volume":"9","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Urol. Focus."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23492","article-title":"Signs and symptoms that distinguish detrusor underactivity from mixed detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction in male patients","volume":"37","author":"Gammie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E455","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.7792","article-title":"Urodynamic findings in patients with nocturia and their associations with patient characteristics","volume":"16","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can. Urol. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24558","article-title":"Symptoms and noninvasive test parameters that clinically differentiate detrusor underactivity from bladder outlet obstruction without a pressure-flow-based diagnosis in men with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"40","author":"Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2018.1481941","article-title":"Novel symptom questionnaire for the differential diagnosis of detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction in men","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Male"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"10992","article-title":"Prediction of detrusor underactivity based on non-invasive functional tests and clinical data in patients with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction","volume":"24","author":"Szmydki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2022.1.51","article-title":"Non-invasive diagnosis of under active bladder: A pilot study","volume":"94","author":"Yoldas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Ital. Urol. Androl."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22841","article-title":"Unravelling detrusor underactivity: Development of a bladder outlet resistance-Bladder contractility nomogram for adult male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"35","author":"Oelke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12377","article-title":"Uroflowmetry pattern in detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"13","author":"Wada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.15233","article-title":"Characteristics of uroflowmetry patterns in men with detrusor underactivity revealed by artificial intelligence","volume":"30","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.20210434","article-title":"Feasibility of a deep learning-based diagnostic platform to evaluate lower urinary tract disorders in men using simple uroflowmetry","volume":"63","author":"Bang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Investig. Clin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14661","article-title":"Development of an artificial intelligence diagnostic system for lower urinary tract dysfunction in men","volume":"28","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24327","article-title":"The role of bladder wall thickness in the evaluation of detrusor underactivity: Development of a clinical nomogram","volume":"39","author":"Lombardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-016-1902-7","article-title":"Ultrasound detrusor wall thickness measurement in combination with bladder capacity can safely detect detrusor underactivity in adult men","volume":"35","author":"Rademakers","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5237","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09302-w","article-title":"Significance of a decrease in the proportion of detrusor muscle to bladder wall for non-invasive diagnosis of detrusor underactivity in men with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e037634","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037634","article-title":"PRImary care Management of lower Urinary tract Symptoms in men: Protocol for development and validation of a diagnostic and clinical decision support tool (the PriMUS study)","volume":"10","author":"Pell","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2022.03.015","article-title":"Underactive Bladder Versus Bladder Outlet Obstruction: Don\u2019t Get Tricked!","volume":"8","author":"Chapple","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Urol. Focus."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y.H., Jhang, J.F., Wu, Y.H., and Kuo, H.C. (2023). Investigating Urine Biomarkers in Detrusor Underactivity and Detrusor Overactivity with Detrusor Underactivity Patients. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041191"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-021-03784-5","article-title":"Urinary adenosine triphosphate and nitric oxide levels in patients with underactive bladder: A preliminary study","volume":"39","author":"Krishnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-023-04341-y","article-title":"Adiponectin can be a good predictor of urodynamic detrusor underactivity: A prospective study in men with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"41","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24001","article-title":"Investigation of the relationship between bladder function and sarcopenia using pressure flow studies in elderly male patients","volume":"38","author":"Majima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-017-1666-z","article-title":"Urinary biomarkers in patients with detrusor underactivity with and without bladder function recovery","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13598","article-title":"The potential role of unregulated autonomous bladder micromotions in urinary storage and voiding dysfunction; overactive bladder and detrusor underactivity","volume":"119","author":"Drake","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)51423-8","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Cred\u00e9 maneuver: A urodynamic study of 207 patients","volume":"130","author":"Barbalias","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23844","article-title":"Risk of prolapse and urinary complications in adult spina bifida patients with neurogenic acontractile detrusor using clean intermittent catheterization versus Valsalva voiding","volume":"38","author":"Brochard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2014.09.025","article-title":"Management of non-neuropathic underactive bladder in children with voiding dysfunction by animated biofeedback: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"85","author":"Kajbafzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2020.1829415","article-title":"The inFlow intraurethral valve-pump for women with detrusor underactivity: A summary of peer-reviewed literature","volume":"45","author":"Hartigan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Spinal Cord. Med."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06742.x","article-title":"Is the use of parasympathomimetics for treating an underactive urinary bladder evidence-based?","volume":"99","author":"Barendrecht","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2018.03.012","article-title":"Are There Pharmacotherapeutic Options for Underactive Bladder?","volume":"4","author":"Osman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Urol. Focus."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24839","article-title":"The effectiveness of parasympathomimetics for treating underactive bladder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Moro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24931","article-title":"Muscarinic-3-receptor positive allosteric modulator ASP8302 in patients with underactive bladder. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Arita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118179","article-title":"Excitatory effect of acotiamide on rat and human bladder: Implications for underactive bladder treatment","volume":"258","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"81","article-title":"A pilot study of acotiamide hydrochloride hydrate in patients with detrusor underactivity","volume":"7","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Rep. Urol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14689","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"124","author":"Pattanaik","year":"2019","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14481","article-title":"Effects of tadalafil versus silodosin on voiding function in male patients with non-neurogenic detrusor underactivity: A comparative study using propensity score matching","volume":"28","author":"Matsukawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24310","article-title":"Urethral dysfunction and therapeutic effects of a PDE 5 inhibitor (tadalafil) in a rat model of detrusor underactivity induced by pelvic nerve crush injury","volume":"39","author":"Takaoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.07.141","article-title":"Prophylactic effect of tadalafil on bladder function in a rat model of chronic bladder ischemia","volume":"189","author":"Nomiya","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02416.x","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase type 5 expression in human and rat lower urinary tract tissues and the effect of tadalafil on prostate gland oxygenation in spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"8","author":"Morelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.22686","article-title":"PDE5 inhibitors blunt inflammation in human BPH: A potential mechanism of action for PDE5 inhibitors in LUTS","volume":"73","author":"Vignozzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-022-04163-4","article-title":"Efficacy of TAC-302 for patients with detrusor underactivity and overactive bladder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study","volume":"40","author":"Yoshida","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.05.020","article-title":"Intravesical Activation of the Cation Channel TRPV4 Improves Bladder Function in a Rat Model for Detrusor Underactivity","volume":"74","author":"Deruyver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23790","article-title":"Effect of TRPV4 activation in a rat model of detrusor underactivity induced by bilateral pelvic nerve crush injury","volume":"37","author":"Takaoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12166","article-title":"Effects of an EP2 and EP3 Receptor Dual Agonist, ONO-8055, on a Radical Hysterectomy-Induced Underactive Bladder Model in Monkeys","volume":"10","author":"Matsuya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Low. Urin. Tract. Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.02.064","article-title":"Promising Effects of a Novel EP2 and EP3 Receptor Dual Agonist, ONO-8055, on Neurogenic Underactive Bladder in a Rat Lumbar Canal Stenosis Model","volume":"196","author":"Sekido","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2014.01.071","article-title":"Excitatory effects of bombesin receptors in urinary tract of normal and diabetic rats in vivo","volume":"100","author":"Kullmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2012.10.015","article-title":"Serotonergic 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist (8-OH-DPAT) ameliorates impaired micturition reflexes in a chronic ventral root avulsion model of incomplete cauda equina\/conus medullaris injury","volume":"239","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2010.02.027","article-title":"Effects of cannabinor, a novel selective cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist, on bladder function in normal rats","volume":"57","author":"Gratzke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coolen, R.L., Groen, J., Stillebroer, A.B., Scheepe, J.R., Witte, L.P.W., and Blok, B.F.M. (2022). Two-Staged Sacral Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Nonobstructive Urinary Retention: A Multicenter Study Assessing Predictors of Success. Neuromodulation, online ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2022.04.042"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-020-03380-z","article-title":"Evaluation of pre-operative bladder contractility as a predictor of improved response rate to a staged trial of sacral neuromodulation in patients with detrusor underactivity","volume":"39","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23010","article-title":"Prediction of sacral neuromodulation treatment success in men with impaired bladder emptying-time for a new diagnostic approach","volume":"36","author":"Rademakers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24893","article-title":"Sacral neuromodulation in patients with detrusor underactivity: Is biological sex an indicator?","volume":"41","author":"Onur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8020","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008020","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of intravesical electrical stimulation on detrusor underactivity: 8 Years of experience from a single center","volume":"96","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15885","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of intravesical electrical stimulation for underactive bladder","volume":"131","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2244162.081","article-title":"Effects of Intravesical Electrical Stimulation on Urinary Adenosine Triphosphate and Nitric Oxide in Rats with Detrusor Underactivity Induced by Bilateral Pelvic Nerve Crush Injury: The Possible Underlying Mechanism","volume":"26","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13207","article-title":"Transcutaneous interferential electrical stimulation for the management of non-neuropathic underactive bladder in children: A randomised clinical trial","volume":"117","author":"Kajbafzadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12792","article-title":"Frequency Dependent Tibial Neuromodulation of Bladder Underactivity and Overactivity in Cats","volume":"21","author":"Theisen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.06.072","article-title":"Exploring the Effect of Bladder Functional Training Combined with Repetitive Sacral Root Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder","volume":"177","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1136\/acupmed-2016-011355","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture at BL33 on detrusor smooth muscle activity in a rat model of urinary retention","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acupunct. Med."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, P.Y., Cheng, J.H., Wu, Z.S., and Chuang, Y.C. (2022). New Frontiers of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Medicine in Urology from Bench to Clinical Studies. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10030675"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23381","article-title":"Urodynamic and molecular characteristics of detrusor underactivity in a rat cryoinjury model and effects of low energy shock wave therapy","volume":"37","author":"Chuang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-019-02095-4","article-title":"Long-term functional change of cryoinjury-induced detrusor underactivity and effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in a rat model","volume":"51","author":"Chuang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14216","article-title":"Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy ameliorates diabetic underactive bladder in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"122","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2021.00402","article-title":"Latissimus dorsi detrusor myoplasty for bladder acontractility: A systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Forte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2017.12.015","article-title":"Rectus abdominis detrusor myoplasty (RADM) for acontractile\/hypocontractile bladder in spinal cord injury patients: Preliminary report","volume":"71","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.10.068","article-title":"Outcomes of reduction cystoplasty in men with impaired detrusor contractility","volume":"83","author":"Thorner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23507","article-title":"Transfer of normal S1 nerve root to reinnervate atonic bladder due to conus medullaris injury","volume":"47","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120604","article-title":"Early effects of adipose-derived stem cell sheets against detrusor underactivity in a rat cryo-injury model","volume":"301","author":"Teraoka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin, J.H., Ryu, C.M., Ju, H., Yu, H.Y., Song, S., Hong, K.S., Chung, H.M., Park, J., Shin, D.M., and Choo, M.S. (2020). Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Multipotent Stem\/Stromal Cells in Diabetic Detrusor Underactivity: A Preclinical Study. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092853"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-021-10204-z","article-title":"A Preclinical Study of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Detrusor Underactivity by Chronic Bladder Ischemia","volume":"17","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.09.121","article-title":"Differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells into interstitial cells of Cajal-like cells by exogenous gene modification: A preliminary study","volume":"523","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.6749","article-title":"Role of stem cell factor in the regulation of ICC proliferation and detrusor contraction in rats with an underactive bladder","volume":"16","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-019-09922-2","article-title":"Current and Future Directions of Stem Cell Therapy for Bladder Dysfunction","volume":"16","author":"Shin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-015-0924-1","article-title":"Intradetrusor injection of adult muscle-derived cells for the treatment of underactive bladder: Pilot study","volume":"47","author":"Levanovich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-021-02847-1","article-title":"Improved global response outcome after intradetrusor injection of adult muscle-derived cells for the treatment of underactive bladder","volume":"53","author":"Gilleran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coelho, H.R.S., Neves, S.C.D., Menezes, J., Antoniolli-Silva, A., and Oliveira, R.J. (2023). Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy Reverses Detrusor Hypoactivity in a Chronic Kidney Patient. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11010218"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03294-8","article-title":"Autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy reverses detrusor underactivity: Open clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Coelho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8511","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c00755","article-title":"Wireless, Fully Implantable and Expandable Electronic System for Bidirectional Electrical Neuromodulation of the Urinary Bladder","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabq1456","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq1456","article-title":"Magnetic soft robotic bladder for assisted urination","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"066009","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9","article-title":"Closed-loop stimulation of the pelvic nerve for optimal micturition","volume":"15","author":"Peh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holmes-Martin, K., Zhu, M., Xiao, S., and Arab Hassani, F. (2022). Advances in Assistive Electronic Device Solutions for Urology. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13040551"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-017-1549-3","article-title":"Addressing challenges in underactive bladder: Recommendations and insights from the Congress on Underactive Bladder (CURE-UAB)","volume":"49","author":"Dewulf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/21\/15517\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:10:48Z","timestamp":1760130648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/21\/15517"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"references-count":162,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms242115517"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms242115517","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]}}}