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Because of their antioxidant capabilities, CeNPs have sparked a lot of interest in biological applications. This review evaluated the effectiveness of CeNPs in NAFLD evolution through in vivo and in vitro studies. Databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were looked for studies published between 2012 and June 2023. Quality was evaluated using PRISMA guidelines. We looked at a total of nine primary studies in English carried out using healthy participants or HepG2 or LX2 cells. Quantitative data such as blood chemical markers, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative status were obtained from the studies. Our findings indicate that NPs are a possible option to make medications safer and more effective. In fact, CeNPs have been demonstrated to decrease total saturated fatty acids and foam cell production (steatosis), reactive oxygen species production and TNF-\u03b1 (necrosis), and vacuolization in hepatic tissue when used to treat NAFLD. Thus, CeNP treatment may be considered promising for liver illnesses. However, limitations such as the variation in durations between studies and the utilization of diverse models to elucidate the etiology of NAFLD must be considered. Future studies must include standardized NAFLD models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T12:07:45Z","timestamp":1698667665000},"page":"15728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effectiveness of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Evolution Using In Vivo and In Vitro Studies: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3184-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Sandoval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Precl\u00ednicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Souza-Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Morfometr\u00eda, Metabolismo y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Centro Biom\u00e9dico, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22775-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7660-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Far\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04145.x","article-title":"The epidemiology, pathogenesis and histopathology of fatty liver disease","volume":"61","author":"Levene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","article-title":"Systematic review: The epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults","volume":"34","author":"Vernon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment. 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