{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:50:28Z","timestamp":1771469428681,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["22H00579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H00579"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["21K18278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K18278"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["22K09760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09760"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["21K09713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K09713"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["21-II4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-II4001"]}]},{"name":"TERUMO LIFE SCIENCE FOUNDATION","award":["22H00579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H00579"]}]},{"name":"TERUMO LIFE SCIENCE FOUNDATION","award":["21K18278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K18278"]}]},{"name":"TERUMO LIFE SCIENCE FOUNDATION","award":["22K09760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09760"]}]},{"name":"TERUMO LIFE SCIENCE FOUNDATION","award":["21K09713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K09713"]}]},{"name":"TERUMO LIFE SCIENCE FOUNDATION","award":["21-II4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-II4001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electroretinograms (ERGs) are often used to evaluate retinal function. However, assessing local retinal function can be challenging; therefore, photopic and scotopic ERGs are used to record whole-retinal function. This study evaluated focal retinal function in rats exposed to continuous light using a multifocal ERG (mfERG) system. The rats were exposed to 1000 lux of fluorescent light for 24 h to induce photoreceptor degeneration. After light exposure, the rats were reared under cyclic light conditions (12 h: 5 lux, 12 h: dark). Photopic and multifocal ERGs and single-flash and multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEPs) were recorded 7 days after light exposure. Fourteen days following light exposure, paraffin-embedded sections were prepared from the eyes for histological evaluation. The ERG and VEP responses dramatically decreased after 24 h of light exposure, and retinal area-dependent decreases were observed in mfERGs and mfVEPs. Histological assessment revealed severe damage to the superior retina and less damage to the inferior retina. Considering the recorded visual angles of mfERGs and mfVEPs, the degenerated area shown on the histological examinations correlates well with the responses from multifocal recordings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242216433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T09:10:38Z","timestamp":1700212238000},"page":"16433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Local Retinal Function in Light-Damaged Rats Using Multifocal Electroretinograms and Multifocal Visual Evoked Potentials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuya","family":"Takita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eriko","family":"Sugano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Kitabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kitako","family":"Tabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, 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Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1051-2301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Iwate University Division of Science and Engineering, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Iwate, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69740-7","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"368","author":"Hartong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60282-7","article-title":"Age-related macular 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