{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:39:28Z","timestamp":1791841168746,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":317,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-173366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-173366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMZ-437917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMZ-437917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The eye is a complex sensory organ that enables visual perception of the world. The dysfunction of any of these tissues can impair vision. Conduction studies on laboratory animals are essential to ensure the safety of therapeutic products directly applied or injected into the eye to treat ocular diseases before eventually proceeding to clinical trials. Among these tissues, the cornea has unique homeostatic and regenerative mechanisms for maintaining transparency and refraction of external light, which are essential for vision. However, being the outermost tissue of the eye and directly exposed to the external environment, the cornea is particularly susceptible to injury and diseases. This review highlights the evidence for selecting appropriate animals to better understand and treat corneal diseases, which rank as the fifth leading cause of blindness worldwide. The development of reliable and human-relevant animal models is, therefore, a valuable research tool for understanding and translating fundamental mechanistic findings, as well as for assessing therapeutic potential in humans. First, this review emphasizes the unique characteristics of animal models used in ocular research. Subsequently, it discusses current animal models associated with human corneal pathologies, their utility in understanding ocular disease mechanisms, and their role as translational models for patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242316661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T06:06:23Z","timestamp":1700719583000},"page":"16661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Animal Models in Eye Research: Focus on Corneal Pathologies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0881-5637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Loiseau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6583-6832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Ra\u00eeche-Marcoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0803-7003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clo\u00e9","family":"Maranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2568-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8281-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elodie","family":"Boisselier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12065","article-title":"Translational models of ocular disease","volume":"16","author":"Zeiss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. 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