{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:41:42Z","timestamp":1789051302814,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have both led to increased mortality rates, affecting public health and the global economy. Therefore, it is essential to find accessible, non-invasive prognostic markers capable of identifying patients at high risk. One encouraging avenue of exploration is the potential of mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) as a biomarker in various health conditions, especially in the context of CVD and COVID-19. MR-proADM presents the ability to predict mortality, heart failure, and adverse outcomes in CVD, offering promise for improved risk assessment and treatment strategies. On the other hand, an elevated MR-proADM level is associated with disease severity and cytokine storms in patients with COVID-19, making it a predictive indicator for intensive care unit admissions and mortality rates. Moreover, MR-proADM may have relevance in long COVID, aiding in the risk assessment, triage, and monitoring of individuals at increased risk of developing prolonged cardiac issues. Our review explores the potential of MR-proADM as a predictor of enduring cardiovascular complications following COVID-19 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242316821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1701071770000},"page":"16821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mid-Regional Proadrenomedullin in COVID-19\u2014May It Act as a Predictor of Prolonged Cardiovascular Complications?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5431-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Pietraszko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2484-1579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Zorawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Bielecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Sielatycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0121-3254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edyta","family":"Zbroch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac285","article-title":"Global trends and regional differences in incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease, 1990\u22122019: Findings from 2019 global burden of disease study","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. 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