{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T13:20:51Z","timestamp":1782307251681,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24GM136766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24GM136766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01AI209430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AI209430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01AI120943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AI120943"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI161374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI161374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R24GM136766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24GM136766"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["P01AI209430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AI209430"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["P01AI120943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AI120943"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01AI161374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI161374"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe an investigation using structural mass spectrometry (MS) of the impact of two antibodies, 15497 and 15498, binding the highly flexible SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 protein. We determined the epitopes and paratopes involved in the antibody\u2013protein interactions by using hydrogen\u2013deuterium exchange MS (HDX-MS). Notably, the Fab (Fragment antigen binding) for antibody 15498 captured a high energy form of the antigen exhibiting significant conformational changes that added flexibility over most of the Nsp1 protein. The Fab for antibody 15497, however, showed usual antigen binding behavior, revealing local changes presumably including the binding site. These findings illustrate an unusual antibody effect on an antigen and are consistent with the dynamic nature of the Nsp1 protein. Our studies suggest that this interaction capitalizes on the high flexibility of Nsp1 to undergo conformational change and be trapped in a higher energy state by binding with a specific antibody.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242417342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T03:25:31Z","timestamp":1702265131000},"page":"17342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Antibody Binding Captures High Energy State of an Antigen: The Case of Nsp1 SARS-CoV-2 as Revealed by Hydrogen\u2013Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ravi","family":"Kant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawneet","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mishra, N., Teyra, J., Boytz, R., Miersch, S., Merritt, T.N., Cardarelli, L., Gorelik, M., Mihalic, F., Jemth, P., and Davey, R.A. (2022). Development of Monoclonal Antibodies to Detect for SARS-CoV-2 Proteins. J Mol Biol, 434.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2022.167583"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2014.11.019","article-title":"Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 1: Common and Distinct Functions in the Regulation of Host and Viral Gene Expression","volume":"202","author":"Narayanan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakagawa, K., and Makino, S. (2021). Mechanisms of Coronavirus Nsp1-Mediated Control of Host and Viral Gene Expression. 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