{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:52:30Z","timestamp":1788385950929,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MUGs\u2019 Experienced Researcher Program","award":["01-0514\/08\/513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-0514\/08\/513"]}]},{"name":"MUGs\u2019 Experienced Researcher Program","award":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"]}]},{"name":"MUGs\u2019 Experienced Researcher Program","award":["DS. 544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS. 544"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Gdansk","award":["01-0514\/08\/513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-0514\/08\/513"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Gdansk","award":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Gdansk","award":["DS. 544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS. 544"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Lublin","award":["01-0514\/08\/513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-0514\/08\/513"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Lublin","award":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ST 01-50023\/0004931\/513\/513\/0\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Lublin","award":["DS. 544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS. 544"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Four copper(II) complexes, C1\u20134, derived from 1-(isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-one ligands L1\u20134 were synthesized and characterized using an elemental analysis, IR spectroscopic data as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction data for complex C1. The stability of complexes C1\u20134 under conditions mimicking the physiological environment was estimated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The antiproliferative activity of both ligands L1\u20134 and copper(II) compounds C1\u20134 were evaluated using an MTT assay on four human cancer cell lines, A375 (melanoma), HepG2 (hepatoma), LS-180 (colon cancer) and T98G (glioblastoma), and a non-cancerous cell line, CCD-1059Sk (human normal skin fibroblasts). Complexes C1\u20134 showed greater potency against HepG2, LS180 and T98G cancer cell lines than etoposide (IC50 = 5.04\u201314.89 \u03bcg\/mL vs. IC50 = 43.21\u2013&gt;100 \u03bcg\/mL), while free ligands L1\u20134 remained inactive in all cell lines. The prominent copper(II) compound C2 appeared to be more selective towards cancer cells compared with normal cells than compounds C1, C3 and C4. The treatment of HepG2 and T98G cells with complex C2 resulted in sub-G1 and G2\/M cell cycle arrest, respectively, which was accompanied by DNA degradation. Moreover, the non-cytotoxic doses of C2 synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, including etoposide, 5-fluorouracil and temozolomide, in HepG2 and T98G cells. The antimicrobial activities of ligands L2\u20134 and their copper(II) complexes C2\u20134 were evaluated using different types of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast species. No correlation was found between the results of the antiproliferative and antimicrobial experiments. The antioxidant activities of all compounds were determined using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods. Antiradical tests revealed that among the investigated compounds, copper(II) complex C4 possessed the strongest antioxidant properties. Finally, the ADME technique was used to determine the physicochemical and drug-likeness properties of the obtained complexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T06:03:11Z","timestamp":1702965791000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Copper(II) Complexes with 1-(Isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-ones: Synthesis, Structure and Evaluation of Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5234-1198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Balewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8162-8435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Plech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwi\u0142\u0142owska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1634-0387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Korona-G\u0142owniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1060-5380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Hering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1611-7938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Szczesio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, \u017beromskiego 116, 90-924 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Olczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, \u017beromskiego 116, 90-924 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9589-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Bednarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, F.-L. Jahn Strasse 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Kokoszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2792-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Kornicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. 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