{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:22:51Z","timestamp":1791404571795,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively uncommon but highly aggressive primary liver cancer that originates within the liver. The aim of this study is to review the molecular profile of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its implications for prognostication and decision-making. This comprehensive characterization of ICC tumors sheds light on the disease\u2019s underlying biology and offers a foundation for more personalized treatment strategies. This is a narrative review of the prognostic and therapeutic role of the molecular profile of ICC. Knowing the molecular profile of tumors helps determine prognosis and support certain target therapies. The molecular panel in ICC helps to select patients for specific therapies, predict treatment responses, and monitor treatment responses. Precision medicine in ICC can promote improvement in prognosis and reduce unnecessary toxicity and might have a significant role in the management of ICC in the following years. The main mutations in ICC are in tumor protein p53 (TP53), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), and AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A). The rate of mutations varies significantly for each population. Targeting TP53 and KRAS is challenging due to the natural characteristics of these genes. Different stages of clinical studies have shown encouraging results with inhibitors of mutated IDH1 and target therapy for ARID1A downstream effectors. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions are an important target in patients with ICC. Immune checkpoint blockade can be applied to a small percentage of ICC patients. Molecular profiling in ICC represents a groundbreaking approach to understanding and managing this complex liver cancer. As our comprehension of ICC\u2019s molecular intricacies continues to expand, so does the potential for offering patients more precise and effective treatments. The integration of molecular profiling into clinical practice signifies the dawn of a new era in ICC care, emphasizing personalized medicine in the ongoing battle against this malignancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T06:18:13Z","timestamp":1703830693000},"page":"461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Molecular Profile of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Wellington","family":"Andraus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Tustumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Donizeti","family":"de Meira Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Soares Nunes","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4284-0633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Reis","family":"Waisberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9099-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana Ducatti","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubens Macedo","family":"Arantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinicius","family":"Rocha Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Bronze","family":"de Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Augusto","family":"Carneiro D\u2019Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2015.09.008","article-title":"Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and surgical management","volume":"379","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.07.022","article-title":"Current epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma in Western countries","volume":"77","author":"Vithayathil","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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