{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T10:58:37Z","timestamp":1771325917819,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroc\u0142awiu","award":["N090\/0016\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N090\/0016\/23"]}]},{"name":"Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroc\u0142awiu","award":["2016\/21\/B\/ST4\/03798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/21\/B\/ST4\/03798"]}]},{"name":"(Polish) National Science Centre","award":["N090\/0016\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N090\/0016\/23"]}]},{"name":"(Polish) National Science Centre","award":["2016\/21\/B\/ST4\/03798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/21\/B\/ST4\/03798"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research aimed at obtaining new derivatives of pregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (\u03941-progesterone) (2) through microbiological transformation. For the role of catalysts, we used six strains of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi (Beauveria bassiana KCh J1.5, Beauveria caledonica KCh J3.3, Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2, Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1, Isaria tenuipes MU35, and Metarhizium robertsii MU4). The substrate (2) was obtained by carrying out an enzymatic 1,2-dehydrogenation on an increased scale (3.5 g\/L) using a recombinant cholest-4-en-3-one \u03941-dehydrogenase (AcmB) from Sterolibacterium denitrificans. All selected strains were characterized by the high biotransformation capacity for the used substrate. As a result of the biotransformation, six steroid derivatives were obtained: 11\u03b1-hydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (3), 6\u03b2,11\u03b1-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (4), 6\u03b2-hydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione (5), 6\u03b2,17\u03b1-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (6), 6\u03b2,17\u03b2-dihydroxyandrost-1,4-diene-3-one (7), and 12\u03b2,17\u03b1-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (8). The results show evident variability of the biotransformation process between strains of the tested biocatalysts from different species described as entomopathogenic filamentous fungi. The obtained products were tested in silico using cheminformatics tools for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, proving their potentially high biological activities. This study showed that the obtained compounds may have applications as effective inhibitors of testosterone 17\u03b2-dehydrogenase. Most of the obtained products should, also with a high probability, find potential uses as androgen antagonists, a prostate as well as menopausal disorders treatment. They should also demonstrate immunosuppressive, erythropoiesis-stimulating, and anti-inflammatory properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T06:37:12Z","timestamp":1704004632000},"page":"508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biotransformation of \u03941-Progesterone Using Selected Entomopathogenic Filamentous Fungi and Prediction of Its Products\u2019 Bioactivity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Panek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"W\u00f3jcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3202-9046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"\u015awizdor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7650-9263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Szaleniec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9757-6684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Janeczko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"502","article-title":"Physiological action of progesterone in target tissues","volume":"18","author":"Graham","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr. 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