{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:57:00Z","timestamp":1781715420381,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteomyelitis is a bone disease caused by bacteria that can damage bone. Raman handheld spectroscopy has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for detecting bone infection and can be used intraoperatively during surgical procedures. This study involved 120 bone samples from 40 patients, with 80 samples infected with either Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis. Raman handheld spectroscopy demonstrated successful differentiation between healthy and infected bone samples and between the two types of bacterial pathogens. Raman handheld spectroscopy appears to be a promising diagnostic tool in bone infection and holds the potential to overcome many of the shortcomings of traditional diagnostic procedures. Further research, however, is required to confirm its diagnostic capabilities and consider other factors, such as the limit of pathogen detection and optimal calibration standards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T06:37:12Z","timestamp":1704004632000},"page":"541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enhancing Bone Infection Diagnosis with Raman Handheld Spectroscopy: Pathogen Discrimination and Diagnostic Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Richard Andreas","family":"Lindtner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Wurm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstra\u00dfe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"},{"name":"Praxis Dr. Med. 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