{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:12:27Z","timestamp":1778497947584,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre, Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/25\/N\/NZ7\/02905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/25\/N\/NZ7\/02905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre, Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M34\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M34\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute","award":["2017\/25\/N\/NZ7\/02905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/25\/N\/NZ7\/02905"]}]},{"name":"Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute","award":["M34\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M34\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis; however, studies on methanogens\u2014especially those focused on children\u2014are extremely limited. The aim of this study was to determine the abundance of total methanogenic archaea and their three subgroups: Methanobrevibacter (Mb.) smithii, Methanosphaera (Ms.) stadtmanae, and Methanomassiliicoccales, in the feces of children with both active and inactive Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The results of a quantitative real-time PCR were cross-referenced with the disease type (CD vs. UC) and activity assessed with the use of Pediatric Crohn\u2019s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) and Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI) indices, and fecal calprotectin (FCP) concentration, and compared with controls. There was a significant decrease in the number of total methanogens in CD and UC compared to controls. The prevalence of total methanogens was also lower in UC compared to controls. Furthermore, patients from the inactive UC group were colonized by a lower number of Mb. smithii, and demonstrated the most pronounced positive correlation between the number of Ms. stadtmanae and the FCP concentration. Our results demonstrate that gut methanogens are related to the type and activity of pediatric IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T09:47:32Z","timestamp":1704361652000},"page":"673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Methanogenic Archaea in the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Relation to Disease Type and Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7368-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata Anna","family":"Cisek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathomorphology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5472-531X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edyta","family":"Szyma\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9578-8894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldona","family":"Wierzbicka-Ruci\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4725-760X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawi\u0144skiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-0094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Cukrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathomorphology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, Av. 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