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and Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["JP21gm1210003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21gm1210003"]}]},{"name":"Intractable Respiratory Diseases and Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["223fa627003h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["223fa627003h0001"]}]},{"name":"Intractable Respiratory Diseases and Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["20FC1027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20FC1027"]}]},{"name":"Intractable Respiratory Diseases and Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["23FC1031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23FC1031"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) often causes intractable conditions. CD26\/Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is expressed in lung constituent cells and may be related to the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases. We aimed to clarify the functional roles of CD26\/DPP4 in PH-ILD, paying particular attention to vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Dpp4 knockout (Dpp4KO) and wild type (WT) mice were administered bleomycin (BLM) intraperitoneally to establish a PH-ILD model. The BLM-induced increase in the right ventricular systolic pressure and the right ventricular hypertrophy observed in WT mice were attenuated in Dpp4KO mice. The BLM-induced vascular muscularization in small pulmonary vessels in Dpp4KO mice was milder than that in WT mice. The viability of TGF\u03b2-stimulated human pulmonary artery SMCs (hPASMCs) was lowered due to the DPP4 knockdown with small interfering RNA. According to the results of the transcriptome analysis, upregulated genes in hPASMCs with TGF\u03b2 treatment were related to pulmonary vascular SMC proliferation via the Notch, PI3K-Akt, and NF\u03baB signaling pathways. Additionally, DPP4 knockdown in hPASMCs inhibited the pathways upregulated by TGF\u03b2 treatment. These results suggest that genetic deficiency of Dpp4 protects against BLM-induced PH-ILD by alleviating vascular remodeling, potentially through the exertion of an antiproliferative effect via inhibition of the TGF\u03b2-related pathways in PASMCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T07:59:20Z","timestamp":1704700760000},"page":"748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Functional Roles of CD26\/DPP4 in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Interstitial Lung Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tadasu","family":"Okaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1468-172X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"},{"name":"Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Tatsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2727-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryo","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ohnuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikao","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshitoshi","family":"Kasuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba 292-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3328-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osamu","family":"Ohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba 292-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"},{"name":"Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1e","article-title":"2022 ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"24","author":"Humbert","year":"2023","journal-title":"G. 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