{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:50:19Z","timestamp":1792457419430,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004488","name":"Croatian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IP-2019-04-8822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-2019-04-8822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies concerning the genetic background of IgA vasculitis (IgAV), a small-vessel vasculitis occurring predominantly in childhood, have confirmed that the HLA-DRB1 gene showed a strong association with disease susceptibility. The objective was to investigate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms among Croatian patients with IgAV and their influence on disease susceptibility and clinical heterogeneity. Thus, 130 children with IgAV and 202 unrelated healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole peripheral blood, and HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 and -DQB1 gene polymorphism analysis was performed. HLA-A*03 (21.4% vs. 12.38%, p = 0.0092), HLA-B*37 (2.9% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.0054) and HLA-DRB1*12 (3.1% vs. 0.7%, p = 0.0216) alleles were significantly more frequent in IgAV patients than in controls. High-resolution typing revealed significantly higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*10:01 and -DRB1*11:03 among IgAV patients with gastrointestinal manifestations of the disease in comparison to controls (p = 0.0021 and p = 0.0301, respectively), while HLA-DRB1*14:01P occurred significantly more often in the group of patients who developed nephritis during the course of the disease (17.5% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.0006). Our results demonstrated that there is an association of HLA-A*03, HLA-B*37 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles with susceptibility to IgAV in the examined Croatian pediatric population. Studies which aim to determine the HLA profile may contribute to the elucidation of the genetic background of autoimmune diseases, including IgAV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T09:39:57Z","timestamp":1704879597000},"page":"882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["HLA Polymorphisms and Clinical Manifestations in IgA Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4925-8948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Held","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Stingl Jankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tissue Typing Centre, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1092-6491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Sestan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matej","family":"Sapina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Medical Faculty Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nastasia","family":"Kifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6555-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sasa","family":"Srsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Split School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1520-3375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marijan","family":"Frkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alenka","family":"Gagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Zagreb, Medical Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zorana","family":"Grubic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tissue Typing Centre, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1728-4260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Jelusic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex158","article-title":"Incidence of IgA vasculitis in children estimated by four-source capture-recapture analysis: A population-based study","volume":"56","author":"Piram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218649","article-title":"Geospatial clustering of childhood IgA vasculitis and IgA vasculitis associated nephritis","volume":"80","author":"Sapina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. 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