{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:48:51Z","timestamp":1787028531596,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Despite the established diagnostic criteria, monitoring disease activity and treatment remains challenging. To address this limitation, we investigated serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum free light chains (sFLCs) as potential biomarkers. A total of 32 CIDP patients undergoing immunoglobulin therapy and 32 healthy controls enrolled in the present study, and agreed to have their blood plasma sNfL and sFLCs analyzed, while CIDP severity was assessed through the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and the Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS). In line with the immunoglobulin treatment aimed at limiting neuronal damage administered to the majority of patients, sNfL levels did not exhibit significant differences between the two groups. However, CIDP patients showed significantly elevated sFLC and sFLC ratios, while the marker levels did not correlate with the clinical scores. The study confirms the potential of sFLCs as a sensitive biomarker of inflammatory processes in CIDP. Additionally, the present study results regarding neurofilaments strengthen the role of sNfL in monitoring CIDP treatments, confirming the effectiveness of immunoglobulin therapy. Overall, our results demonstrate how combining these markers can lead to better patient characterization for improved treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:46:39Z","timestamp":1705657599000},"page":"1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Serum Neurofilament and Free Light Chain Levels in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7539-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Luigetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7616-7008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Primiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione UILDM Lazio Onlus, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9716-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Basile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Unit and Cancer Biobank, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Pignalosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, A.U.S.L. Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2061-1509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sabino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9155-6378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariapaola","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sezione di Patologia Generale, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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