{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:36:00Z","timestamp":1792683360719,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]],"date-time":"2024-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hungarian Ministry of Innovation and Technology, National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-23"]}]},{"name":"Hungarian Ministry of Innovation and Technology, National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"]}]},{"name":"Translational Neuroscience National Laboratory program","award":["TKP2021-EGA-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-23"]}]},{"name":"Translational Neuroscience National Laboratory program","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infected necrotizing pancreatitis (INP) is associated with an increased risk of organ failure and mortality. Its early recognition and timely initiation of antibiotic therapy can save patients\u2019 lives. We systematically searched three databases on 27 October 2022. In the eligible studies, the presence of infection in necrotizing pancreatitis was confirmed via a reference test, which involved either the identification of gas within the necrotic collection through computed tomography imaging or the examination of collected samples, which yielded positive results in Gram staining or culture. Laboratory biomarkers compared between sterile necrotizing pancreatitis and INP were used as the index test, and our outcome measures included sensitivity, specificity, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Within the first 72 hours (h) after admission, the AUC of C-reactive protein (CRP) was 0.69 (confidence interval (CI): 0.62\u20130.76), for procalcitonin (PCT), it was 0.69 (CI: 0.60\u20130.78), and for white blood cell count, it was 0.61 (CI: 0.47\u20130.75). After the first 72 h, the pooled AUC of CRP showed an elevated level of 0.88 (CI: 0.75\u20131.00), and for PCT, it was 0.86 (CI: 0.60\u20131.11). The predictive value of CRP and PCT for infection is poor within 72 h after hospital admission but seems good after the first 72 h. Based on these results, infection is likely in case of persistently high CRP and PCT, and antibiotic initiation may be recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T03:50:22Z","timestamp":1705895422000},"page":"1273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Persistently High Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein Are Good Predictors of Infection in Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Dorottya","family":"Tarj\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2276-7109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eszter","family":"Szalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nika","family":"Lipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Verb\u00f3i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"K\u00f3i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Er\u0151ss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Teutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1ndor","family":"Faluhelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Division of Medical Imaging, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Hegyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Translational Pancreatology Research Group, Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence for Research Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5322-4425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mik\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Translational Pancreatology Research Group, Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence for Research Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department for Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.08.002","article-title":"Burden of gastrointestinal disease in the United States: 2012 update","volume":"143","author":"Peery","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-302779","article-title":"Classification of acute pancreatitis\u20142012: Revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus","volume":"62","author":"Banks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konarska-Bajda, K., Ceranowicz, P., Cieszkowski, J., Ginter, G., Stempniewicz, A., Ga\u0142\u0105zka, K., Ku\u015bnierz-Cabala, B., Dumnicka, P., Bonior, J., and Warzecha, Z. 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