{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:02:39Z","timestamp":1787238159971,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation Innovation Research Team Project","award":["322CXTD525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["322CXTD525"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation Innovation Research Team Project","award":["ZDYF2020218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2020218"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation Innovation Research Team Project","award":["CATASCXTD202304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CATASCXTD202304"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Natural Science Foundation Innovation Research Team Project","award":["1630142022009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1630142022009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["322CXTD525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["322CXTD525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZDYF2020218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2020218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CATASCXTD202304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CATASCXTD202304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1630142022009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1630142022009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of the National Tropical Agricultural Science Center","award":["322CXTD525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["322CXTD525"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of the National Tropical Agricultural Science Center","award":["ZDYF2020218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2020218"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of the National Tropical Agricultural Science Center","award":["CATASCXTD202304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CATASCXTD202304"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of the National Tropical Agricultural Science Center","award":["1630142022009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1630142022009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013211","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["322CXTD525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["322CXTD525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013211","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZDYF2020218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYF2020218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013211","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CATASCXTD202304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CATASCXTD202304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013211","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1630142022009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1630142022009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp (JFP-Ps) is known for its excellent bioactivities. However, its impact on small intestinal barrier function is still largely unexplored. The study aimed to examine the protection effect of JFP-Ps against dextran sodium sulfate-induced enteritis and its underlying mechanism. This research revealed that JFP-Ps mitigated small intestinal tissue damage by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 in the small intestine. JFP-Ps diminished oxidative stress by bolstering the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the concentration of malondialdehyde in the small intestine. In addition, JFP-Ps may restore the mechanical barrier and inhibit intestinal structure damage by augmenting the expression of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) receptors (GPR41\/43) and up-regulating the expression of tight junction proteins (occludin). In conclusion, JFP-Ps may positively influence intestinal health by relieving oxidative stress in the small intestine, improving mechanical barrier function, activating the SCFA-GPR41\/GPR43 axis, and inhibiting TLR4\/MAPK pathway activation. The results augment our comprehension of the bioactivities of JFP-Ps, corroborating its great potential as a functional food.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T12:25:01Z","timestamp":1706531101000},"page":"1661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit) Pulp Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Enteritis in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yunlong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"},{"name":"Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China"},{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5612-522X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2802-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanfu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lehe","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0339-1567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kexue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Processing Suitability and Quality Control of the Special Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Wanning 571533, China"},{"name":"National Center of Important Tropical Crops Engineering and Technology Research, Wanning 571533, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2653","article-title":"Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Turner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/fft2.102","article-title":"Dietary phytochemicals modulate intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and autoimmune diseases","volume":"2","author":"Ganesan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Front."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2021.01.010","article-title":"Gut microbiota in cancer immune response and immunotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c05966","article-title":"Protective effects of natural polysaccharides on intestinal barrier injury: A review","volume":"70","author":"Huo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b01687","article-title":"Exploring the molecular pathways behind the effects of nutrients and dietary polyphenols on gut microbiota and intestinal permeability: A perspective on the potential of metabolomics and future clinical applications","volume":"68","author":"Peron","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Q.-Y., Chen, S.-P., Wang, J.-Q., Huang, X.-J., Nie, Q.-X., Phillips, G.O., Cui, S.W., Li, Y.-J., and Nie, S.-P. (2021). Fractions from natural Cordyceps sinensis alleviated intestinal injury in cyclophosphamide-induced mice. Bioact. Carbohydr. Diet. Fibre, 26.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcdf.2021.100271"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.11.048","article-title":"Rhein ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier injury via modulation of Nrf2 and MAPKs","volume":"216","author":"Zhuang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118821","article-title":"The potential roles of natural plant polysaccharides in inflammatory bowel disease: A review","volume":"277","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109858","article-title":"Review of the relationships among polysaccharides, gut microbiota, and human health","volume":"140","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11351","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02431K","article-title":"Sulfated polysaccharides from pacific abalone attenuated DSS-induced acute and chronic ulcerative colitis in mice via regulating intestinal micro-ecology and the NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"12","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.227","article-title":"Polysaccharide from alfalfa activates RAW 264.7 macrophages through MAPK and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways","volume":"126","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13244","article-title":"Effects of astragalus and ginseng polysaccharides on growth performance, immune function and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide","volume":"104","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zou, T., Yang, J., Guo, X., He, Q., Wang, Z., and You, J. (2021). Dietary seaweed-derived polysaccharides improve growth performance of weaned pigs through maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbial populations. J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-021-00552-8"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.175","article-title":"Structural characterization of polysaccharide from yellow sweet potato and ameliorates DSS-induced mice colitis by active GPR41\/MEK\/ERK 1\/2 signaling pathway","volume":"192","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.08.074","article-title":"Physicochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. pulp","volume":"155","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2012.2565","article-title":"Crude dietary polysaccharide fraction isolated from jackfruit enhances immune system activity in mice","volume":"16","author":"Tan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiater, A., Paduch, R., Trojnar, S., Choma, A., Pleszczy\u0144ska, M., Adamczyk, P., Pi\u0119t, M., Pr\u00f3chniak, K., Szczodrak, J., and Strawa, J. (2020). The effect of water-soluble polysaccharide from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) on human colon carcinoma cells cultured in vitro. Plants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9010103"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2022.105195","article-title":"Protective effects of polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.(jackfruit) pulp on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet rats via PPAR and AMPK signaling pathways","volume":"95","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, K., Fan, H., Zeng, S., Nie, S., Zhang, Y., Tan, L., Li, C., Xu, F., Liu, Q., and Wu, G. (2021). Polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp modulates gut microbiota composition and improves short-chain fatty acids production. Food Chem., 364.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130434"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02283","article-title":"Polyphenols and intestinal permeability: Rationale and future perspectives","volume":"68","author":"Bernardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3283506559","article-title":"Innate immunity in the small intestine","volume":"28","author":"Santaolalla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/64883","article-title":"Intestinal epithelial barrier: The target for pathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"26","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Exp. Med. Off. Organ Wroc. Med. Univ."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19406","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28722","article-title":"The role of autophagy in maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier","volume":"234","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035619","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1035619","article-title":"Polysaccharides from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.(jackfruit) pulp improves intestinal barrier functions of high fat diet-induced obese rats","volume":"9","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259","article-title":"Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"166","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13282","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b05744","article-title":"Orally administered CLA ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice via intestinal barrier improvement, oxidative stress reduction, and inflammatory cytokine and gut microbiota modulation","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2013-0241","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress during inflammatory processes","volume":"395","author":"Lugrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10506","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c00917","article-title":"Eugenol alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis independent of intestinal microbiota in mice","volume":"69","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/fft2.172","article-title":"Gastroprotective polysaccharide from natural sources: Review on structure, mechanism, and structure\u2013activity relationship","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Front."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.084","article-title":"The synergism and attenuation effect of Selenium (Se)-enriched Grifola frondosa (Se)-polysaccharide on 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) in Heps-bearing mice","volume":"107","author":"Mao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.112630","article-title":"Alleviative effects of natural plant polysaccharides against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"167","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2018","article-title":"Free fatty acid receptors in health and disease","volume":"100","author":"Kimura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.04.056","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids activate GPR41 and GPR43 on intestinal epithelial cells to promote inflammatory responses in mice","volume":"145","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747122","article-title":"Microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, restrain tissue bacterial load, chronic inflammation, and associated cancer in the colon of mice","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, Y., Lv, Y., Mao, Z., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Zhu, B., Yu, Y., Ding, Z., and Zhou, F.J.I.J.o.B.M. (2023). Polysaccharides from Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg ameliorated inflammatory bowel disease by rebuilding the intestinal mucosal barrier and inhibiting inflammation through the SCFA-GPR41\/43 signaling pathway. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 250.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.126167"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.4280","article-title":"Role of cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"14","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol. WJG"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO01519A","article-title":"Dietary resveratrol attenuated colitis and modulated gut microbiota in dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.07.021","article-title":"Preserved egg white alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice through the reduction of oxidative stress, modulation of infl ammatory cytokines, NF-\u03baB, MAPK and gut microbiota composition","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2016.09.019","article-title":"Suppression of TNF-\u03b1 and free radicals reduces systematic inflammatory and metabolic disorders: Radioprotective effects of ginseng oligopeptides on intestinal barrier function and antioxidant defense","volume":"40","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.137","article-title":"Crataegus pinnatifida polysaccharide alleviates colitis via modulation of gut microbiota and SCFAs metabolism","volume":"181","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103641","article-title":"Attenuation of DSS induced colitis by Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide (DIP) via modulation of gut microbiota and inflammatory related signaling pathways","volume":"64","author":"Kanwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, W., Wang, C., Yu, L., Sheng, T., Wu, Z., Wang, X., Zhang, D., Lin, Y., and Gong, Y. (2019). Chlorogenic acid attenuates dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through MAPK\/ERK\/JNK pathway. BioMed Res. Int., 2019.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6769789"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13133","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b03942","article-title":"Protective effect of naringin on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"66","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.12.020","article-title":"MAP kinases in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"412","author":"Coskun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14718","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c06177","article-title":"Orally Administered Ginkgolide C Attenuates DSS-Induced Colitis by Maintaining Gut Barrier Integrity, Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses, and Regulating Intestinal Flora","volume":"70","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbosa, J.R., dos Santos Freitas, M.M., da Silva Martins, L.H., and de Carvalho Junior, R.N. (2020). Polysaccharides of mushroom Pleurotus spp.: New extraction techniques, biological activities and development of new technologies. Carbohydr. Polym., 229.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.115550"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200047","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202200047","article-title":"Mesona chinensis Benth Polysaccharides Alleviate DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibiting of TLR4\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB Signaling Pathways and Modulating Intestinal Microbiota","volume":"66","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanwal, S., Joseph, T.P., Owusu, L., Xiaomeng, R., Meiqi, L., and Yi, X. (2018). A polysaccharide isolated from Dictyophora indusiata promotes recovery from antibiotic-driven intestinal dysbiosis and improves gut epithelial barrier function in a mouse model. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081003"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/3\/1661\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:51:19Z","timestamp":1760104279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/3\/1661"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25031661"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25031661","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]}}}