{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T05:19:02Z","timestamp":1781587142091,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United Arab Emirates University","award":["CMHS NP-22-29\/ 12M128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMHS NP-22-29\/ 12M128"]}]},{"name":"United Arab Emirates University","award":["G00004606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G00004606"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The lipid endocannabinoid system has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for several inflammatory and tissue-damaging diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. The primary targets of cannabinoids are cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) receptors. The CB2 receptor is expressed in the cardiomyocytes. While the pathological changes in the myocardium upregulate the CB2 receptor, genetic deletion of the receptor aggravates the changes. The CB2 receptor plays a crucial role in attenuating the advancement of myocardial infarction (MI)-associated pathological changes in the myocardium. Activation of CB2 receptors exerts cardioprotection in MI via numerous molecular pathways. For instance, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol attenuated the progression of MI via modulation of the CB2 receptor-dependent anti-inflammatory mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-1\u03b2. Through similar mechanisms, natural and synthetic CB2 receptor ligands repair myocardial tissue damage. This review aims to offer an in-depth discussion on the ameliorative potential of CB2 receptors in myocardial injuries induced by a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. Further, the modulation of autophagy, TGF-\u03b2\/Smad3 signaling, MPTP opening, and ROS production are discussed. The molecular correlation of CB2 receptors with cardiac injury markers, such as troponin I, LDH1, and CK-MB, is explored. Special attention has been paid to novel insights into the potential therapeutic implications of CB2 receptor activation in MI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T03:45:12Z","timestamp":1706586312000},"page":"1683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor as a Potential Target in Myocardial Infarction: Exploration of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sagar A.","family":"More","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rucha S.","family":"Deore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0813-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harshal D.","family":"Pawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7585-441X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kartik T.","family":"Nakhate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit S.","family":"Rathod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7801-2966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreesh","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5241-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameer N.","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal\u2019s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mechanic, O.J., Gavin, M., and Grossman, S.A. (2023). StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"68","article-title":"Short and Long-Term Survival Rates Following Myocardial Infarction and Its Predictive Factors: A Study Using National Registry Data","volume":"16","author":"Mozaffarian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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