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More than 30% of epilepsies remain intractable, and characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in BBB dysfunction is essential to the identification of new therapeutic strategies. In this work, we induced status epilepticus in rats through injection of the proconvulsant drug pilocarpine, which leads to TLE. Using RT-qPCR, double immunohistochemistry, and confocal imaging, we studied the regulation of reactive glia and vascular markers at different time points of epileptogenesis (latent phase\u20143, 7, and 14 days; chronic phase\u20141 and 3 months). In the hippocampus, increased expression of mRNA encoding the glial proteins GFAP and Iba1 confirmed neuroinflammatory status. We report for the first time the concomitant induction of the specific proteins CD31, PDGFR\u03b2, and ColIV\u2014which peak at the same time points as inflammation\u2014in the endothelial cells, pericytes, and basement membrane of the BBB. The altered expression of these proteins occurs early in TLE, during the latent phase, suggesting that they could be associated with the early rupture and pathogenicity of the BBB that will contribute to the chronic phase of epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T07:49:47Z","timestamp":1706600987000},"page":"1693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["In the Rat Hippocampus, Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus Is Associated with Reactive Glia and Concomitant Increased Expression of CD31, PDGFR\u03b2, and Collagen IV in Endothelial Cells and Pericytes of the Blood\u2013Brain Barrier"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Grigorios","family":"Kyriatzis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lique","family":"B\u00f4le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Khrestchatisky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lotfi","family":"Ferhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13201","article-title":"Epilepsy Priorities in Europe: A Report of the ILAE-IBE Epilepsy Advocacy Europe Task Force","volume":"56","author":"Baulac","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050312118772471","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312118772471","article-title":"Patient Reported Adverse Events among Epileptic Patients Taking Antiepileptic Drugs","volume":"6","author":"Ayalew","year":"2018","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferhat, L. 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