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LP2014-7\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Momentum LP2014-7\/2014"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["Premium_2019-436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Premium_2019-436"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["HUN-REN SA-83\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HUN-REN SA-83\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["FIEK-16-1-2016-0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIEK-16-1-2016-0005"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["K124862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K124862"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation 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PerMed","award":["HUN-REN SA-83\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HUN-REN SA-83\/2021"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["FIEK-16-1-2016-0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIEK-16-1-2016-0005"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["K124862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K124862"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["K128262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K128262"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI-2021-00273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI-2021-00273"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["2019-2.1.7-ERANET-2020-00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-2.1.7-ERANET-2020-00014"]}]},{"name":"European Union ERA PerMed","award":["2020-346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-346"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Miscarriages affect 50\u201370% of all conceptions and 15\u201320% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL, \u22652 miscarriages) affects 1\u20135% of recognized pregnancies. Nevertheless, our knowledge about the etiologies and pathophysiology of RPL is incomplete, and thus, reliable diagnostic\/preventive tools are not yet available. Here, we aimed to define the diagnostic value of three placental proteins for RPL: human chorionic gonadotropin free beta-subunit (free-\u03b2-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and placental growth factor (PlGF). Blood samples were collected from women with RPL (n = 14) and controls undergoing elective termination of pregnancy (n = 30) at the time of surgery. Maternal serum protein concentrations were measured by BRAHMS KRYPTOR Analyzer. Daily multiple of median (dMoM) values were calculated for gestational age-specific normalization. To obtain classifiers, logistic regression analysis was performed, and ROC curves were calculated. There were differences in changes of maternal serum protein concentrations with advancing healthy gestation. Between 6 and 13 weeks, women with RPL had lower concentrations and dMoMs of free \u03b2-hCG, PAPP-A, and PlGF than controls. PAPP-A dMoM had the best discriminative properties (AUC = 0.880). Between 9 and 13 weeks, discriminative properties of all protein dMoMs were excellent (free \u03b2-hCG: AUC = 0.975; PAPP-A: AUC = 0.998; PlGF: AUC = 0.924). In conclusion, free-\u03b2-hCG and PAPP-A are valuable biomarkers for RPL, especially between 9 and 13 weeks. Their decreased concentrations indicate the deterioration of placental functions, while lower PlGF levels indicate problems with placental angiogenesis after 9 weeks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T05:22:44Z","timestamp":1707110564000},"page":"1865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Decreased Expression of Placental Proteins in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Functional Relevance and Diagnostic Value"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7149-1482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eszter","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3301-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e1niel","family":"Gy\u00f6rffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Posta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petronella","family":"Hupuczi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0322-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Balogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Szalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, H-7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerg\u0151","family":"Orosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1563-8579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Orosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1773-6861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Szil\u00e1gyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7342-183X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orsolya","family":"Oravecz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lajos","family":"Veress","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7054-8333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, H-9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"T\u00f6r\u00f6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2535-5134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Padma","family":"Murthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton 3168, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women\u2019s Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Offer","family":"Erez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be\u2019er Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Semmelweis University, 27 Baross Street, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1919-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e1ndor","family":"\u00c1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Semmelweis University, 27 Baross Street, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1ndor G\u00e1bor","family":"Than","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Semmelweis University, 27 Baross Street, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dugas, C., and Slane, V.H. 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