{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T00:34:06Z","timestamp":1788568446023,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tolvaptan, an oral vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, reduces renal volume expansion and loss of renal function in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Data for predictive factors indicating patients more likely to benefit from long-term tolvaptan are lacking. Data were retrospectively collected from 55 patients on tolvaptan for 6 years. Changes in renal function, progression of renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], 1-year change in eGFR [\u0394eGFR\/year]), and renal volume (total kidney volume [TKV], percentage 1-year change in TKV [\u0394TKV%\/year]) were evaluated at 3-years pre-tolvaptan, at baseline, and at 6 years. In 76.4% of patients, \u0394eGFR\/year improved at 6 years. The average 6-year \u0394eGFR\/year (range) minus baseline \u0394eGFR\/year: 3.024 (\u22128.77\u201320.58 mL\/min\/1.73 m2). The increase in TKV was reduced for the first 3 years. A higher BMI was associated with less of an improvement in \u0394eGFR (p = 0.027), and family history was associated with more of an improvement in \u0394eGFR (p = 0.044). Hypernatremia was generally mild; 3 patients had moderate-to-severe hyponatremia due to prolonged, excessive water intake in response to water diuresis\u2014a side effect of tolvaptan. Family history of ADPKD and baseline BMI were contributing factors for \u0394eGFR\/year improvement on tolvaptan. Hyponatremia should be monitored with long-term tolvaptan administration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25042088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T09:00:02Z","timestamp":1707382802000},"page":"2088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Long-Term Effects of Tolvaptan in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Predictors of Treatment Response and Safety over 6 Years of Continuous Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mai","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruna","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Informatics for Genetic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7434-8015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoki","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Muto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Informatics for Genetic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeo","family":"Horie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Informatics for Genetic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32782-X","article-title":"Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease","volume":"393","author":"Alam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307293290508","article-title":"Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease","volume":"329","author":"Gabow","year":"1993","journal-title":"N. 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