{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:49:58Z","timestamp":1791726598756,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The clinical features and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in dementia have been extensively studied. However, the genetic architecture and underlying neurobiological mechanisms of NPSs at preclinical stages of cognitive decline and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) remain largely unknown. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) represents an at-risk state for incident cognitive impairment and is defined by the emergence of persistent NPSs among non-demented individuals in later life. These NPSs include affective dysregulation, decreased motivation, impulse dyscontrol, abnormal perception and thought content, and social inappropriateness. Accumulating evidence has recently begun to shed more light on the genetic background of MBI, focusing on its potential association with genetic factors related to AD. The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and the MS4A locus have been associated with affective dysregulation, ZCWPW1 with social inappropriateness and psychosis, BIN1 and EPHA1 with psychosis, and NME8 with apathy. The association between MBI and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in terms of AD dementia has been also explored. Potential implicated mechanisms include neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, oxidative stress responses, proteosomal impairment, and abnormal immune responses. In this review, we summarize and critically discuss the available evidence on the genetic background of MBI with an emphasis on AD, aiming to gain insights into the potential underlying neurobiological mechanisms, which till now remain largely unexplored. In addition, we propose future areas of research in this emerging field, with the aim to better understand the molecular pathophysiology of MBI and its genetic links with cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T06:50:23Z","timestamp":1708930223000},"page":"2645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Exploring the Genetic Landscape of Mild Behavioral Impairment as an Early Marker of Cognitive Decline: An Updated Review Focusing on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-3384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efthalia","family":"Angelopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5806-0717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Koros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Hatzimanolis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Psychiatry, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonidas","family":"Stefanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Scarmeas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8863-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sokratis G.","family":"Papageorgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Dementia Forecasting Collaborators (2022). Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Public Health, 7, e105\u2013e125."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24761","article-title":"The genetic epidemiology of neurodegenerative disease","volume":"115","author":"Bertram","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00949-7","article-title":"Mild behavioral impairment: Measurement and clinical correlates of a novel marker of preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Creese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angelopoulou, E., Paudel, Y.N., Shaikh, M.F., and Piperi, C. (2020). Flotillin: A Promising Biomarker for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. J. Pers. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm10020020"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263771","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1263771","article-title":"Understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Pless","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2011.06.005","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E genotypes and neuropsychiatric symptoms and syndromes in late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Panza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00597-3","article-title":"Psychosis in Alzheimer disease\u2014Mechanisms, genetics and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"18","author":"Ismail","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13060821","article-title":"Baseline neuropsychiatric symptoms and the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment: A population-based study","volume":"171","author":"Geda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21m14105","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.21m14105","article-title":"Prevalence, Clinical Correlates, Cognitive Trajectories, and Dementia Risk Associated with Mild Behavioral Impairment in Asians","volume":"83","author":"Kan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099333","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1099333","article-title":"A review of current evidence for mild behavioral impairment as an early potential novel marker of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/08919887221093363","article-title":"Reliability and Validity of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Mild Behavioral Impairment\u2014Checklist Among Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment\u2014A Validation Study","volume":"36","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550160069041","article-title":"Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer Disease Meta Analysis Consortium","volume":"278","author":"Farrer","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220025","article-title":"Polygenic Risk Scores in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Genetics: Methodology, Applications, Inclusion, and Diversity","volume":"89","author":"Clark","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200.e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.02.024","article-title":"Assessment of the genetic variance of late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Ridge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.6.907","article-title":"Increased familial risk of the psychotic phenotype of Alzheimer disease","volume":"58","author":"Sweet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-221247","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: An Anatomic-Genetic Framework for Treatment Development","volume":"95","author":"Nowrangi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, K., Jeon, H.J., Myung, W., Suh, S.W., Seong, S.J., Hwang, J.Y., Ryu, J.I., and Park, S.C. (2022). Clinical Approaches to Late-Onset Psychosis. J. Pers. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12030381"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988706291087","article-title":"Research agenda for DSM-V: Diagnostic categories and criteria for neuropsychiatric syndromes in dementia","volume":"19","author":"Jeste","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.8.1182","article-title":"Association between the APOE genotype and psychopathologic symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"58","author":"Scarmeas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2017.03.007","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Alzheimer Disease: \u201cWhich is the Cart and Which is the Horse?\u201d","volume":"25","author":"Geda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.12.001","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Past progress and anticipation of the future","volume":"9","author":"Geda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32684","article-title":"Association of Alzheimer\u2019s genetic loci with mild behavioral impairment","volume":"177","author":"Andrews","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genetics. Part B Neuropsychiatr. Genet."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.02.012","article-title":"Association between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and depression","volume":"22","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.01.006","article-title":"A 9-year prospective population-based study on the association between the APOE*E4 allele and late-life depression in Sweden","volume":"78","author":"Skoog","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls093","article-title":"Plasma beta amyloid level and depression in older adults","volume":"68","author":"Metti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.263","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: Risk, mechanisms and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781-e50","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12651","article-title":"White matter lesions and temporal lobe atrophy related to incidence of both dementia and major depression in 70-year-olds followed over 10 years","volume":"22","author":"Gudmundsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01631-0","article-title":"APOE4 genotype exacerbates the depression-like behavior of mice during aging through ATP decline","volume":"11","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonk, S., Kirchner, K., Ameling, S., Garvert, L., Volzke, H., Nauck, M., Volker, U., Grabe, H.J., and Van der Auwera, S. (2022). APOE epsilon4 in Depression-Associated Memory Impairment-Evidence from Genetic and MicroRNA Analyses. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10071560"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van den Berg, M.M.J., Krauskopf, J., Ramaekers, J.G., Kleinjans, J.C.S., Prickaerts, J., and Briede, J.J. (2020). Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Prog. Neurobiol., 185.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2019.101732"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5065-07.2008","article-title":"The expression of microRNA miR-107 decreases early in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and may accelerate disease progression through regulation of \u03b2-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20058","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77023-z","article-title":"Interaction of neuropsychiatric symptoms with APOE epsilon4 and conversion to dementia in MCI patients in a Memory Clinic","volume":"10","author":"Valero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91236","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/91236","article-title":"Role of apolipoprotein E in anxiety","volume":"2007","author":"Raber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"3251","article-title":"Cortisol reduces hippocampal glucose metabolism in normal elderly, but not in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"82","author":"McRae","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1996.0012","article-title":"Differences in dexamethasone-sensitivity between lymphocytes from patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and patients with multi-infarct dementia","volume":"10","author":"Nijhuis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.5.746","article-title":"Hippocampal, amygdalar, and global brain atrophy in different apolipoprotein E genotypes","volume":"59","author":"Oudkerk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00092","article-title":"Influence of APOE and RNF219 on Behavioral and Cognitive Features of Female Patients Affected by Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","author":"Mosca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610209009235","article-title":"Apolipoprotein epsilon4 status is associated with behavioral symptoms in nursing home residents with dementia","volume":"21","author":"Woods","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.020","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and affective symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Banning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"e12164","article-title":"Genetic risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease, cognition, and mild behavioral impairment in healthy older adults","volume":"13","author":"Creese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12386","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12386","article-title":"Late-life onset psychotic symptoms and incident cognitive impairment in people without dementia: Modification by genetic risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Creese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00604-7","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitively normal older persons, and the association with Alzheimer\u2019s and non-Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"12","author":"Liew","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205014666170829114346","article-title":"Association between Psychosis Phenotype and APOE Genotype on the Clinical Profiles of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"15","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.12.010","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E-epsilon4 allele predicts escalation of psychotic symptoms in late adulthood","volume":"206","author":"Jonas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12370","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12370","article-title":"Apathy and APOE in mild behavioral impairment, and risk for incident dementia","volume":"8","author":"Vellone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161021700151X","article-title":"Prevalence of mild behavioral impairment in mild cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive decline, and its association with caregiver burden","volume":"30","author":"Sheikh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001307","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms, APOE epsilon4, and the risk of incident dementia: A population-based study","volume":"84","author":"Pink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.03.074","article-title":"Effects of race, baseline cognition, and APOE on the association of affective dysregulation with incident dementia: A longitudinal study of dementia-free older adults","volume":"332","author":"Ebrahim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180513","article-title":"Depressive Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment and the Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Comparative Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Community-Based Studies","volume":"67","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2012.12.025","article-title":"Role of depression in predicting time to conversion to mild cognitive impairment","volume":"22","author":"Dean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e046615","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.046615","article-title":"ApoE \u03b54 status in pre-dementia risk states, mild behavioural impairment and subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of incident cognitive decline","volume":"16","author":"Nathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0184-x","article-title":"Late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease genetics implicates microglial pathways in disease risk","volume":"12","author":"Efthymiou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.48","article-title":"The MS4A family: Counting past 1, 2 and 3","volume":"94","author":"Leffler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1152","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001152","article-title":"Baseline Microglial Activation Correlates with Brain Amyloidosis and Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2345175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.45175","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Microglial Activation in Patients with Alzheimer Disease","volume":"6","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30101-3","article-title":"Brain microglia in psychiatric disorders","volume":"4","author":"Mondelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-0769-y","article-title":"Shared genetic etiology underlying Alzheimer\u2019s disease and major depressive disorder","volume":"10","author":"Lutz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130989","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1130989","article-title":"Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: An overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories","volume":"14","author":"Hassamal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113568","article-title":"Higher levels of serum IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 are associated with an increased probability of major depressive disorder","volume":"295","author":"Das","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611405104","article-title":"A common variant in combination with a nonsense mutation in a member of the thioredoxin family causes primary ciliary dyskinesia","volume":"104","author":"Duriez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)02035-1","article-title":"Human brain nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity is decreased in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Down syndrome","volume":"296","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Yu, J.T., Wang, H.F., Hao, X.K., Yang, Y.F., Jiang, T., Zhu, X.C., Cao, L., Zhang, D.Q., and Tan, L. (2014). Association between NME8 locus polymorphism and cognitive decline, cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114777"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20305","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7945","article-title":"ZCWPW1 is associated with late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease in Han Chinese: A replication study and meta-analyses","volume":"7","author":"Gao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac318","article-title":"Loss of forebrain BIN1 attenuates hippocampal pathology and neuroinflammation in a tauopathy model","volume":"146","author":"Ponnusamy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12371","article-title":"The BIN1 rs744373 Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk SNP is associated with faster A\u03b2-associated tau accumulation and cognitive decline","volume":"18","author":"Franzmeier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131166","article-title":"Hyperphosphorylated tau is elevated in Alzheimer\u2019s disease with psychosis","volume":"39","author":"Murray","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13150","article-title":"Genetics of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A 1-year follow-up study","volume":"74","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buhl, E., Kim, Y.A., Parsons, T., Zhu, B., Santa-Maria, I., Lefort, R., and Hodge, J.J.L. (2022). Effects of Eph\/ephrin signalling and human Alzheimer\u2019s disease-associated EphA1 on Drosophila behaviour and neurophysiology. Neurobiol. Dis., 170.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105752"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00926-w","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s genetic risk factor FERMT2 (Kindlin-2) controls axonal growth and synaptic plasticity in an APP-dependent manner","volume":"26","author":"Eysert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, W., Liu, C., Sodhi, M., and Lu, H. (2016). Meta-analysis of sex differences in gene expression in schizophrenia. BMC Syst. Biol., 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-015-0250-3"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15173","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.15173","article-title":"Associations of classical HLA alleles with depression and anxiety","volume":"103","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"HLA"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vica, M.L., Delcea, C., Dumitrel, G.A., Vuscan, M.E., Matei, H.V., Teodoru, C.A., and Siserman, C.V. (2022). The Influence of HLA Alleles on the Affective Distress Profile. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912608"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.12.1530","article-title":"Genetic association of the HLA DRB1 gene locus on chromosome 6p21.3 with schizophrenia","volume":"153","author":"Wright","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9890-6","article-title":"Effects of HLA-DRB1\/DQB1 Genetic Variants on Neuroimaging in Healthy, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Cohorts","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.06.015","article-title":"Posterior cingulate cortex atrophy and regional cingulum disruption in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"31","author":"Choo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608667","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.608667","article-title":"Posterior Cingulate Cortex Network Predicts Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Progression","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv338","article-title":"Cascading network failure across the Alzheimer\u2019s disease spectrum","volume":"139","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00456-1","article-title":"Brain mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review of symptom-general and -specific lesion patterns","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120405","article-title":"Clinical differences between early-onset and mid-and-late-onset Parkinson\u2019s disease: Data analysis of the Hellenic Biobank of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"442","author":"Angelopoulou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-022-00526-y","article-title":"Alzheimer risk gene product Pyk2 suppresses tau phosphorylation and phenotypic effects of tauopathy","volume":"17","author":"Brody","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0352-y","article-title":"Pyk2 in the amygdala modulates chronic stress sequelae via PSD-95-related micro-structural changes","volume":"9","author":"Montalban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e055314","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.055314","article-title":"Self and informant-rated mild behavioral impairment and genetic risk for AD: The respondent matters","volume":"17","author":"Creese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101672","article-title":"Risk factors for apathy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review of longitudinal evidence","volume":"79","author":"Azocar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4161\/pri.6.1.18428","article-title":"PRND 3\u2032UTR polymorphism may be associated with behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer disease","volume":"6","author":"Flirski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prion"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2802","article-title":"Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"45","author":"Lambert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-018-0455-y","article-title":"Heterogeneity of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Consequence for drug trials?","volume":"10","author":"Devi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3673","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv268","article-title":"Common polygenic variation enhances risk prediction for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"138","author":"Sims","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0372-x","article-title":"Polygenic predictors of age-related decline in cognitive ability","volume":"25","author":"Ritchie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131058","article-title":"Polygenic risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease is not associated with cognitive ability or cognitive aging in non-demented older people","volume":"39","author":"Harris","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160195","article-title":"Pathway-Specific Polygenic Risk Scores as Predictors of Amyloid-\u03b2 Deposition and Cognitive Function in a Sample at Increased Risk for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"55","author":"Darst","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610221002878","article-title":"Cognitive profile of people with mild behavioral impairment in Brain Health Registry participants","volume":"35","author":"Kassam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610219001200","article-title":"Profile of mild behavioral impairment and factor structure of the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist in cognitively normal older adults","volume":"32","author":"Creese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papastefanopoulou, V., Stanitsa, E., Koros, C., Simoudis, A., Florou-Hatziyiannidou, C., Beratis, I., Antonelou, R., Andronas, N., Voskou, P., and Angelopoulou, E. (2022). APOE Allele Frequency in Southern Greece: Exploring the Role of Geographical Gradient in the Greek Population. Geriatrics, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics8010001"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv004","article-title":"Early behavioural changes in familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network","volume":"138","author":"Ringman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00225-y","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms are early indicators of an upcoming metabolic decline in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30440-3","article-title":"New insights into atypical Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the era of biomarkers","volume":"20","author":"Yong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"562","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in prodromal psychosis: A meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Deste","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/20.1.103","article-title":"Neuropsychological risk indicators for schizophrenia: A review of family studies","volume":"20","author":"Kremen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2004.03.007","article-title":"Cognitive deficits in relatives of patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Sitskoorn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbj078","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents and young adults at genetic risk for schizophrenia and affective psychoses: Results from the Harvard and Hillside Adolescent High Risk Studies","volume":"32","author":"Seidman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.111","article-title":"Executive function, neural circuitry, and genetic mechanisms in schizophrenia","volume":"35","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6917","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.111134598","article-title":"Effect of COMT Val108\/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia","volume":"98","author":"Egan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6186","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0931309100","article-title":"Catechol O-methyltransferase val158-met genotype and individual variation in the brain response to amphetamine","volume":"100","author":"Mattay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.078","article-title":"Prefrontal-hippocampal coupling during memory processing is modulated by COMT val158met genotype","volume":"60","author":"Bertolino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.12.1373","article-title":"Association and linkage analyses of RGS4 polymorphisms in schizophrenia","volume":"11","author":"Chowdari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001562","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of the RGS4 and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex morphometry among first episode schizophrenia patients","volume":"10","author":"Prasad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.4.740","article-title":"Effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 genotype on N-acetylaspartate measures in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"163","author":"Marenco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12604","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405077101","article-title":"Variation in GRM3 affects cognition, prefrontal glutamate, and risk for schizophrenia","volume":"101","author":"Egan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1953","article-title":"APOE genotype predicts depression in women with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A retrospective study","volume":"23","author":"Houston","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275256","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/275256","article-title":"Sex Differences in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: The Modifying Effect of Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 Status","volume":"2015","author":"Xing","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4651","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13036","article-title":"Sex differences in associations between APOE epsilon2 and longitudinal cognitive decline","volume":"19","author":"Wood","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220586","article-title":"Sex Modifies the Associations of APOEvarepsilon4 with Neuropsychiatric Symptom Burden in Both at-Risk and Clinical Cohorts of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"90","author":"Dissanayake","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02041-6","article-title":"Sex-specific genetic association between psychiatric disorders and cognition, behavior and brain imaging in children and adults","volume":"12","author":"Gui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06403.x","article-title":"The association between white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and noncognitive symptoms","volume":"903","author":"Perry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000125859.71051.83","article-title":"Interaction between hypertension, apoE, and cerebral white matter lesions","volume":"35","author":"Richard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_116","first-page":"e38","article-title":"Association between Behavioral, Biological, and Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Health and MRI Markers of Brain Aging: A Cohort Study","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020811","article-title":"Genetic Study of White Matter Integrity in UK Biobank (N = 8448) and the Overlap with Stroke, Depression, and Dementia","volume":"49","author":"Tozer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230548","article-title":"Pathway-Specific Polygenic Risk Scores Correlate with Clinical Status and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Related Biomarkers","volume":"95","author":"Schork","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12007","article-title":"Mild behavioral impairment is associated with \u03b2-amyloid but not tau or neurodegeneration in cognitively intact elderly individuals","volume":"16","author":"Lussier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587992","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.587992","article-title":"Association between BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism and Mild Behavioral Impairment in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"11","author":"Ramezani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-013-1121-y","article-title":"Plasma BDNF levels are correlated with aggressiveness in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease","volume":"121","author":"Nagata","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01114-3","article-title":"Association between 5-HT(2A) receptor polymorphism and psychotic symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"50","author":"Nacmias","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"1973","article-title":"Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Psychosis in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"11","author":"Radojevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Park. Dis."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.19100211","article-title":"Effect of Functional BDNF and COMT Polymorphisms on Symptoms and Regional Brain Volume in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Huey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.07.017","article-title":"The 5-HTTLPR variant in the serotonin transporter gene modifies degeneration of brain regions important for emotion in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia","volume":"9","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00295","article-title":"APOE Genotype and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: The Influence of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors","volume":"12","author":"Angelopoulou","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230577","article-title":"Chain Mediation Analysis of the Effects of Nutrition and Cognition on the Association of Apolipoprotein E varepsilon4 with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"96","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02695-w","article-title":"Identification of candidate DNA methylation biomarkers related to Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk by integrating genome and blood methylome data","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Upadhya, S., Gingerich, D., Lutz, M.W., and Chiba-Falek, O. (2022). Differential Gene Expression and DNA Methylation in the Risk of Depression in LOAD Patients. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12111679"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.10.034","article-title":"The association of personality polygenic risk score, psychosocial protective factors and suicide attempt in mood disorder","volume":"156","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827447","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.827447","article-title":"Polygenic Risk Score Effectively Predicts Depression Onset in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Based on Major Depressive Disorder Risk Variants","volume":"16","author":"Upadhya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17121363","article-title":"Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk Score as a Predictor of Antipsychotic Efficacy in First-Episode Psychosis","volume":"176","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab365","article-title":"Proposed research criteria for prodromal behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia","volume":"145","author":"Barker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04181","article-title":"Mild behavioral impairment and risk of dementia: A prospective cohort study of 358 patients","volume":"70","author":"Taragano","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/5\/2645\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:04:14Z","timestamp":1760105054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/5\/2645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25052645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25052645","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]]}}}