{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:56:48Z","timestamp":1793332608142,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"South African National Research Foundation","award":["TTK170413227114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTK170413227114"]}]},{"name":"South African National Research Foundation","award":["HDID8682\/MB2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDID8682\/MB2022"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TTK170413227114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTK170413227114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HDID8682\/MB2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDID8682\/MB2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"South African National Treasury","award":["TTK170413227114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTK170413227114"]}]},{"name":"South African National Treasury","award":["HDID8682\/MB2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDID8682\/MB2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proteases are critical enzymes in cellular processes which regulate intricate events like cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. This review highlights the multifaceted roles of the serine proteases FAM111A and FAM111B, exploring their impact on cellular functions and diseases. FAM111A is implicated in DNA replication and replication fork protection, thereby maintaining genome integrity. Additionally, FAM111A functions as an antiviral factor against DNA and RNA viruses. Apart from being involved in DNA repair, FAM111B, a paralog of FAM111A, participates in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. It influences the apoptotic pathway by upregulating anti-apoptotic proteins and modulating cell cycle-related proteins. Furthermore, FAM111B\u2019s association with nucleoporins suggests its involvement in nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking and plays a role in maintaining normal telomere length. FAM111A and FAM111B also exhibit some interconnectedness and functional similarity despite their distinct roles in cellular processes and associated diseases resulting from their dysfunction. FAM111A and FAM111B dysregulation are linked to genetic disorders: Kenny\u2013Caffey Syndrome type 2 and Gracile Bone Dysplasia for FAM111A and POIKTMP, respectively, and cancers. Therefore, the dysregulation of these proteases in diseases emphasizes their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Future research is essential to unravel the intricate mechanisms governing FAM111A and FAM111B and explore their therapeutic implications comprehensively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T06:07:53Z","timestamp":1709273273000},"page":"2845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Unravelling the Intricate Roles of FAM111A and FAM111B: From Protease-Mediated Cellular Processes to Disease Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1334-9021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Naicker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7675-9609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cenza","family":"Rhoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falone","family":"Sunda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1402-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afolake","family":"Arowolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hair and Skin Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30433","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R800035200","article-title":"Proteases: Multifunctional enzymes in life and disease","volume":"283","author":"Bond","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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