{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T09:10:52Z","timestamp":1792487452116,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]],"date-time":"2024-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["23K08543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K08543"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["21K19572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K19572"]}]},{"name":"Challenging Research","award":["23K08543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K08543"]}]},{"name":"Challenging Research","award":["21K19572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K19572"]}]},{"name":"Research Committees (Toba K. and Tsuji S.) of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","award":["23K08543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K08543"]}]},{"name":"Research Committees (Toba K. and Tsuji S.) of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","award":["21K19572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K19572"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The brain is susceptible to oxidative stress, which is associated with various neurological diseases. Edaravone (MCI-186, 3-methyl-1 pheny-2-pyrazolin-5-one), a free radical scavenger, has promising effects by quenching hydroxyl radicals (\u2219OH) and inhibiting both \u2219OH-dependent and \u2219OH-independent lipid peroxidation. Edaravone was initially developed in Japan as a neuroprotective agent for acute cerebral infarction and was later applied clinically to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease. There is accumulating evidence for the therapeutic effects of edaravone in a wide range of diseases related to oxidative stress, including ischemic stroke, ALS, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and placental ischemia. These neuroprotective effects have expanded the potential applications of edaravone. Data from experimental animal models support its safety for long-term use, implying broader applications in various neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we explain the unique characteristics of edaravone, summarize recent findings for specific diseases, and discuss its prospects for future therapeutic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T05:31:12Z","timestamp":1709530272000},"page":"2945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Update on Antioxidant Therapy with Edaravone: Expanding Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Toru","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7901908","article-title":"Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"262","author":"Coyle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.3.179","article-title":"Oxidant signaling in vascular cell growth, death, and survival: A review of the roles of reactive oxygen species in smooth muscle and endothelial cell mitogenic and apoptotic signaling","volume":"87","author":"Irani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ. 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