{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:13:07Z","timestamp":1791666787953,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Social Fund in the framework","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Social Fund in the framework","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Social Fund in the framework","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Social Fund in the framework","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer Investigator Initiated Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer Investigator Initiated Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer Investigator Initiated Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer Investigator Initiated Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WS1695450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry for Innovation and Technology Hungary","award":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAMOP-4.2.4.A\/2-11\/1-2012-0001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry for Innovation and Technology Hungary","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050"]}]},{"name":"Ministry for Innovation and Technology Hungary","award":["WS1695414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695414"]}]},{"name":"Ministry for Innovation and Technology Hungary","award":["WS1695450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS1695450"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Natural autoantibodies (nAAb) are involved in innate immunity, as well as autoimmunity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. There have not been any studies assessing the effects of biologics on nAAbs in RA and AS, also in relation to vascular pathophysiology. Fifty-three anti-TNF-treated RA and AS patients were included in a 12-month follow-up study. Anti-citrate synthase (CS) and anti-topoisomerase I fragment 4 (TOPO-F4) IgM and IgG levels were determined by ELISA. Ultrasonography was performed to assess brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT), and arterial pulse-wave velocity (PWV). Other variables were also evaluated at baseline and 6 and 12 months after treatment initiation. Anti-TNF therapy improved FMD in RA and PWV in AS and stabilized ccIMT. TNF inhibition increased anti-CS IgM and IgG, and possibly also anti-TOPO-F4 IgG levels. Various correlation analyses revealed that nAAbs might be independently involved in autoimmunity as well as changes in inflammation and vascular pathology over time in biologic-treated patients (p &lt; 0.05). We also found associations between anti-TOPO-F4 IgG and anti-Hsp60 IgG (p &lt; 0.05). Baseline nAAb levels or nAAb level changes might determine changes in CRP, disease activity, FMD, PWV, and ccIMT over time (p &lt; 0.05). The interplay between arthritis and inflammatory atherosclerosis, as well as the effects of anti-TNF biologics on these pathologies, might independently involve nAAbs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25063429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T04:36:31Z","timestamp":1710822991000},"page":"3429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Natural Autoantibodies in Biologic-Treated Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: Associations with Vascular Pathophysiology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Di\u00e1na","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorottya","family":"Kacs\u00e1ndi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Pusztai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogl\u00e1rka","family":"So\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edit","family":"V\u00e9gh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"Kerekes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Bodoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szilvia","family":"Szamosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Proh\u00e1szka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1125 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3406-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"N\u00e9meth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00edmea","family":"Berki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7794-6844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Szekanecz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 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Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7007","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.15.7007","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha is an autocrine growth factor for normal human B cells","volume":"91","author":"Boussiotis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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