{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T06:46:17Z","timestamp":1784616377896,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VA Merit","award":["#I01BX005055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#I01BX005055"]}]},{"name":"VA Merit","award":["#IK6BX005691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#IK6BX005691"]}]},{"name":"VA Research Career Scientist Award","award":["#I01BX005055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#I01BX005055"]}]},{"name":"VA Research Career Scientist Award","award":["#IK6BX005691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#IK6BX005691"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cornea is an avascular, transparent tissue that allows light to enter the visual system. Accurate vision requires proper maintenance of the cornea\u2019s integrity and structure. Due to its exposure to the external environment, the cornea is prone to injury and must undergo proper wound healing to restore vision. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of water channels important for passive water transport and, in some family members, the transport of other small molecules; AQPs are expressed in all layers of the cornea. Although their functions as water channels are well established, the direct function of AQPs in the cornea is still being determined and is the focus of this review. AQPs, primarily AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5, have been found to play an important role in maintaining water homeostasis, the corneal structure in relation to proper hydration, and stress responses, as well as wound healing in all layers of the cornea. Due to their many functions in the cornea, the identification of drug targets that modulate the expression of AQPs in the cornea could be beneficial to promote corneal wound healing and restore proper function of this tissue crucial for vision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T12:22:46Z","timestamp":1711628566000},"page":"3748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Aquaporins in the Cornea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Melnyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3146-162X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy B.","family":"Bollag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"},{"name":"Charlie Norwood Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Association, A.O. (2023, January 31). Protecting Your Eyes at Work. Available online: https:\/\/www.aoa.org\/healthy-eyes\/caring-for-your-eyes\/protecting-your-vision?sso=y."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1683868","article-title":"Epidemiologic Characteristics of Work-related Eye Injuries and Risk Factors Associated with Severe Eye Injuries: A Registry-based Multicentre Study","volume":"27","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.01.002","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopic findings of corneal wound healing after corneal epithelial debridement in diabetic vitrectomy","volume":"116","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0997","article-title":"High glucose suppresses epidermal growth factor receptor\/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/Akt signaling pathway and attenuates corneal epithelial wound healing","volume":"58","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mobaraki, M., Abbasi, R., Omidian Vandchali, S., Ghaffari, M., Moztarzadeh, F., and Mozafari, M. (2019). Corneal Repair and Regeneration: Current Concepts and Future Directions. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2019.00135"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00059-9","article-title":"Identity and regulation of ion transport mechanisms in the corneal endothelium","volume":"22","author":"Bonanno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2011.06.004","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying the corneal endothelial pump","volume":"95","author":"Bonanno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108068","article-title":"12. Endothelial pump and barrier function","volume":"198","author":"Klyce","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.70","article-title":"Roles of aquaporin-3 in the epidermis","volume":"128","author":"Verkman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C667","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00058.2011","article-title":"Novel phosphorylation of aquaporin-5 at its threonine 259 through cAMP signaling in salivary gland cells","volume":"301","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.06.042","article-title":"In Pursuit of the Elimination of Corneal Blindness: Is Establishing Eye Banks and Training Surgeons Enough?","volume":"128","author":"Jeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fortingo, N., Melnyk, S., Sutton, S.H., Watsky, M.A., and Bollag, W.B. (2022). Innate Immune System Activation, Inflammation and Corneal Wound Healing. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314933"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181f7f363","article-title":"The economic burden of dry eye disease in the United States: A decision tree analysis","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2017.03.002","article-title":"Diabetic complications in the cornea","volume":"139","author":"Ljubimov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.07.002","article-title":"Progress in corneal wound healing","volume":"49","author":"Ljubimov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10867-008-9064-5","article-title":"From membrane pores to aquaporins: 50 years measuring water fluxes","volume":"33","author":"Parisi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033583506004458","article-title":"The structure of aquaporins","volume":"39","author":"Gonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Q. Rev. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Haddoub, R., R\u00fctzler, M., Robin, A., and Flitsch, S.L. (2009). Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Springer."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, B. (2017). Aquaporins, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-024-1057-0"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.4.1908","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of an aquaporin cDNA from salivary, lacrimal, and respiratory tissues","volume":"270","author":"Raina","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.311","article-title":"NPA motifs play a key role in plasma membrane targeting of aquaporin-4","volume":"62","author":"Guan","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.06.086","article-title":"Membrane trafficking of aquaporin 3 induced by epinephrine. Biochemical and biophysical research communications","volume":"373","author":"Yasui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31915","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.242677","article-title":"Glycosylation increases the thermostability of human aquaporin 10 protein","volume":"286","author":"Fischer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310767200","article-title":"Glycosylation is important for cell surface expression of the water channel aquaporin-2 but is not essential for tetramerization in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"279","author":"Hendriks","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1332","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.274.5.C1332","article-title":"Aquaporins in complex tissues: Distribution of aquaporins 1\u20135 in human and rat eye","volume":"274","author":"Hamann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540405201010","article-title":"Altered expression of aquaporins in bullous keratopathy and Fuchs\u2019 dystrophy corneas","volume":"52","author":"Kenney","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1151","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.275.4.C1151","article-title":"Localization and expression of AQP5 in cornea, serous salivary glands, and pulmonary epithelial cells","volume":"275","author":"Funaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.12.027","article-title":"Patterns of aquaporin expression in the canine eye","volume":"190","author":"Karasawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2016.04.013","article-title":"Aquaporin expression and localization in the rabbit eye","volume":"147","author":"Bogner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0816","article-title":"Aquaporin-dependent water permeation at the mouse ocular surface: In vivo microfluorimetric measurements in cornea and conjunctiva","volume":"45","author":"Levin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020122600512","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of aquaporin-1 in bovine corneal endothelial cells and keratocytes","volume":"226","author":"Wen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.07.005","article-title":"Expression profiles of aquaporins in rat conjunctiva, cornea, lacrimal gland and Meibomian gland","volume":"103","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2012.02547.x","article-title":"Aquaporins 6-12 in the human eye","volume":"91","author":"Tran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12225","article-title":"Altered aquaporin expression in glaucoma eyes","volume":"122","author":"Tran","year":"2014","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"1288","article-title":"Molecular identification and immunolocalization of the water channel protein aquaporin 1 in CBCECs","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"1999","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12298","article-title":"Comparative morphological evaluation of domestic animal cornea","volume":"19","author":"Nautscher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19139","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M202071200","article-title":"Aquaporin Deletion in Mice Reduces Corneal Water Permeability and Delays Restoration of Transparency after Swelling","volume":"277","author":"Thiagarajah","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17147","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200925200","article-title":"Impaired stratum corneum hydration in mice lacking epidermal water channel aquaporin-3","volume":"277","author":"Ma","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.3.29","article-title":"Dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol Accelerates Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing","volume":"61","author":"Bollag","year":"2020","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1996.0196","article-title":"Expression of aquaporins in the rat ocular tissue","volume":"64","author":"Patil","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22776","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202201503R","article-title":"Loss of aquaporin 5 contributes to the corneal epithelial pathogenesis via Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3033","article-title":"In situ fluorescence measurement of tear film [Na+], [K+], [Cl\u2212], and pH in mice shows marked hypertonicity in aquaporin-5 deficiency","volume":"50","author":"Levin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24267","article-title":"Differential Expression of Coding and Long Noncoding RNAs in Keratoconus-Affected Corneas","volume":"59","author":"Khaled","year":"2018","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"756","article-title":"Comparative expression analysis of aquaporin-5 (AQP5) in keratoconic and healthy corneas","volume":"14","author":"Garfias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32173","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305149200","article-title":"Cyclic AMP regulates aquaporin 5 expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels through a protein kinase A pathway","volume":"278","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3590","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M411038200","article-title":"cAMP has distinct acute and chronic effects on aquaporin-5 in lung epithelial cells","volume":"280","author":"Sidhaye","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"957","article-title":"Spatial expression of aquaporin 5 in mammalian cornea and lens, and regulation of its localization by phosphokinase A","volume":"18","author":"Kumari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4727","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05145-y","article-title":"Hyperosmolarity-induced AQP5 upregulation promotes inflammation and cell death via JNK1\/2 Activation in human corneal epithelial cells","volume":"7","author":"Ren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.04.005","article-title":"Aquaporin 5 promotes corneal wound healing","volume":"172","author":"Kumari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"283","article-title":"Altered expression of aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in the cornea after primary blast exposure","volume":"25","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2021.07.010","article-title":"Aquaporin 5 Facilitates Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing and Nerve Regeneration by Reactivating Akt Signaling Pathway","volume":"191","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2006.00167.x","article-title":"Gabapentin therapy for painful, blind glaucomatous eye: Case report","volume":"9","author":"Kavalieratos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-019-01156-w","article-title":"Is gabapentin effective in dry eye disease and neuropathic ocular pain?","volume":"121","author":"Ongun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Belg."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671238","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.671238","article-title":"Effects of Topical Gabapentin on Ocular Pain and Tear Secretion","volume":"12","author":"Cammalleri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2003.11.017","article-title":"Fluid transport across cultured layers of corneal endothelium from aquaporin-1 null mice","volume":"78","author":"Kuang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"51","article-title":"Aquaporin-1 expression is decreased in human and mouse corneal endothelial dysfunction","volume":"10","author":"Macnamara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4022","article-title":"Low-Level Primary Blast Causes Acute Ocular Trauma in Rabbits","volume":"33","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2012.11.001","article-title":"Aquaporin 1-positive stromal niche-like cells directly interact with N-cadherin-positive clusters in the basal limbal epithelium","volume":"10","author":"Higa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.03.002","article-title":"Aquaporin-1-facilitated keratocyte migration in cell culture and in vivo corneal wound healing models","volume":"89","author":"Verkman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"1538","article-title":"Effect of down-regulation of aquaporins in human corneal endothelial and epithelial cell lines","volume":"16","author":"Shankardas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.05.025","article-title":"Notch Signal Regulates Corneal Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition","volume":"183","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108517","article-title":"Multiple roles of FGF10 in the regulation of corneal endothelial wound healing","volume":"205","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15681","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005776107","article-title":"Aquaporin-3 Mediates Hydrogen Peroxide Uptake to Regulate Downstream Intracellular Signaling","volume":"107","author":"Miller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"F663","article-title":"Aquaporin-3 water channel localization and regulation in rat kidney","volume":"269","author":"Ecelbarger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16140","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.26.16140","article-title":"Water and glycerol permeabilities of aquaporins 1-5 and MIP determined quantitatively by expression of epitope-tagged constructs in Xenopus oocytes","volume":"272","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2003.08.006","article-title":"Modulation of phospholipase D-mediated phosphatidylglycerol formation by differentiating agents in primary mouse epidermal keratinocytes","volume":"1643","author":"Zheng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112398","article-title":"Chemokine-dependent T cell migration requires aquaporin-3-mediated hydrogen peroxide uptake","volume":"209","author":"Chikuma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7454","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8454","article-title":"Aquaporin-3-mediated hydrogen peroxide transport is required for NF-\u03baB signalling in keratinocytes and development of psoriasis","volume":"6","author":"Satooka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4365","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0335","article-title":"Aquaporin-3-Dependent Cell Migration and Proliferation during Corneal Re-epithelialization","volume":"47","author":"Levin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01482-07","article-title":"Prevention of skin tumorigenesis and impairment of epidermal cell proliferation by targeted aquaporin-3 gene disruption","volume":"28","author":"Verkman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700921","article-title":"A potential role for the phospholipase D2-aquaporin-3 signaling module in early keratinocyte differentiation: Production of a phosphatidylglycerol signaling lipid","volume":"127","author":"Bollag","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2011.01.014","article-title":"Aquaporin-3 in keratinocytes and skin: Its role and interaction with phospholipase D2","volume":"508","author":"Qin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.412","article-title":"Aquaporin-3 re-expression induces differentiation in a phospholipase D2-dependent manner in aquaporin-3-knockout mouse keratinocytes","volume":"135","author":"Choudhary","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4579","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt307","article-title":"Transmembrane water-flux through SLC4A11: A route defective in genetic corneal diseases","volume":"22","author":"Vilas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-4-7","article-title":"Corneal dystrophies","volume":"4","author":"Klintworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2006.044644","article-title":"Autosomal recessive corneal endothelial dystrophy (CHED2) is associated with mutations in SLC4A11","volume":"44","author":"Jiao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1824","article-title":"Mutations in sodium-borate cotransporter SLC4A11 cause recessive congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED2)","volume":"38","author":"Vithana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2006.046904","article-title":"Borate transporter SLC4A11 mutations cause both Harboyan syndrome and non-syndromic corneal endothelial dystrophy","volume":"44","author":"Desir","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/7\/3748\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:19:48Z","timestamp":1760105988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/7\/3748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25073748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25073748","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]}}}