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When fluorescence imaging technology is employed to carry out this kind of research, a knotty problem due to fluorescent dye molecules and drug molecules acting on a DNA molecule simultaneously is encountered. In this paper, based on self-made novel solid active substrates NpAA\/(ZnO-ZnCl2)\/AuNPs, we use a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method, inverted fluorescence microscope technology, and a molecular docking method to investigate the action of the fluorescent dye YOYO-1 and the drug DOX on calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) molecules and the influencing effects and competitive relationships of YOYO-1 on the binding properties of the ctDNA-DOX complex. The interaction sites and modes of action between the YOYO-1 and the ctDNA-DOX complex are systematically examined, and the DOX with the ctDNA-YOYO-1 are compared, and the impact of YOYO-1 on the stability of the ctDNA-DOX complex and the competitive mechanism between DOX and YOYO-1 acting with DNA molecules are elucidated. This study has helpful experimental guidance and a theoretical foundation to expound the mechanism of interaction between drugs and biomolecules at the single-molecule level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T13:20:53Z","timestamp":1711632053000},"page":"3804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Studying the Effects and Competitive Mechanisms of YOYO-1 on the Binding Characteristics of DOX and DNA Molecules Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6681-6704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penglun","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9973-608X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1723-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baoli","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi\u2019an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710119, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaige","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology of Shaanxi Province, National Center for International Research of Photoelectric Technology & Nano-Functional Materials and Application, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-022-2240-6","article-title":"Overview and countermeasures of cancer burden in China","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. 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