{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:39:52Z","timestamp":1789821592342,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U20A2028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A2028"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["31771838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31771838"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022TJ-Y04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022TJ-Y04"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Talent Recruitment Project","award":["U20A2028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A2028"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Talent Recruitment Project","award":["31771838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31771838"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Talent Recruitment Project","award":["2022TJ-Y04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022TJ-Y04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) and its homologs, signal peptide peptidase-like (SPPL) proteases, are members of the GxGD-type aspartyl protease family, which is widespread in plants and animals and is a class of transmembrane proteins with significant biological functions. SPP\/SPPLs have been identified; however, the functions of SPP\/SPPL in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) have not been reported. In this study, 26 SPP\/SPPLs were identified in rapeseed and categorized into three groups: SPP, SPPL2, and SPPL3. These members mainly contained the Peptidase_A22 and PA domains, which were distributed on 17 out of 19 chromosomes. Evolutionary analyses indicated that BnaSPP\/SPPLs evolved with a large number of whole-genome duplication (WGD) events and strong purifying selection. Members are widely expressed and play a key role in the growth and development of rapeseed. The regulation of rapeseed pollen fertility by the BnaSPPL4 gene was further validated through experiments based on bioinformatics analysis, concluding that BnaSPPL4 silencing causes male sterility. Cytological observation showed that male infertility caused by loss of BnaSPPL4 gene function occurs late in the mononucleate stage due to microspore dysplasia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T07:18:28Z","timestamp":1711955908000},"page":"3936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genome-Wide Identification of the SPP\/SPPL Gene Family and BnaSPPL4 Regulating Male Fertility in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Guangze","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minyu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070925","article-title":"Identification of signal peptide peptidase, a presenilin-type aspartic protease","volume":"296","author":"Weihofen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016365227942","article-title":"Novel class of polytopic proteins with domains associated with putative protease activity","volume":"67","author":"Grigorenko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem.-Mosc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.9.1037","article-title":"Identification of a novel family of presenilin homologues","volume":"11","author":"Ponting","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. 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