{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:48:55Z","timestamp":1787028535963,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DS448 and DS24, the Medical University of Lublin and the Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University in Lublin"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many people around the world suffer from neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive impairment. As life expectancy increases, this number is steadily rising. Therefore, it is extremely important to search for new treatment strategies and to discover new substances with potential neuroprotective and\/or cognition-enhancing effects. This study focuses on investigating the potential of astragaloside IV (AIV), a triterpenoid saponin with proven acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibiting activity naturally occurring in the root of Astragalus mongholicus, to attenuate memory impairment. Scopolamine (SCOP), an antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a trigger of neuroinflammation, were used to impair memory processes in the passive avoidance (PA) test in mice. This memory impairment in SCOP-treated mice was attenuated by prior intraperitoneal (ip) administration of AIV at a dose of 25 mg\/kg. The attenuation of memory impairment by LPS was not observed. It can therefore be assumed that AIV does not reverse memory impairment by anti-inflammatory mechanisms, although this needs to be further verified. All doses of AIV tested did not affect baseline locomotor activity in mice. In the post mortem analysis by mass spectrometry of the body tissue of the mice, the highest content of AIV was found in the kidneys, then in the spleen and liver, and the lowest in the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25074021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T06:57:34Z","timestamp":1712213854000},"page":"4021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Astragaloside IV as a Memory-Enhancing Agent: In Silico Studies with In Vivo Analysis and Post Mortem ADME-Tox Profiling in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"St\u0119pnik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie\u2013Sk\u0142odowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7076-600X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wirginia","family":"Kukula-Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2203-1636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Boguszewska-Czubara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chod\u017aki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8857-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Gawel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 8B Jaczewskiego St., 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, April 10). 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