{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:18:51Z","timestamp":1777540731557,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/01596"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01596"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDI\/2021\/000033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDI\/2021\/000033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Government of the Principado de Asturias","award":["PI21\/01596"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01596"]}]},{"name":"Government of the Principado de Asturias","award":["IDI\/2021\/000033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDI\/2021\/000033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of new antiviral agents is sought due to the presence of resistant viruses. Melatonin, a molecule secreted by the pineal gland, has been shown to be an antioxidant, inducer of antioxidant enzymes, and regulator of various biological processes. Clinical trials have explored its therapeutic utility in conditions including infections. This study focuses on melatonin\u2019s role in HSV-1 replication and the underlying mechanisms. Melatonin was found to decrease the synthesis of HSV-1 proteins in infected Vero cells measured by immunofluorescence, indicating an inhibition of HSV-1 replication. Additionally, it regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes and affects proteasome activity. Melatonin activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy and suppresses apoptosis in HSV-1-infected cells. In summary, melatonin demonstrates an inhibitory role in HSV-1 replication by modulating various cellular responses, suggesting its potential utility in the treatment of viral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25074037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T10:42:03Z","timestamp":1712227323000},"page":"4037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Zulema","family":"P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Antonio","family":"Boga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4687-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaiza","family":"Potes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5770-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Mel\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6609-6258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Coto-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1982373","article-title":"Pathogenesis and virulence of herpes simplex virus","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadowski, L.A., Upadhyay, R., Greeley, Z.W., and Margulies, B.J. 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