{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T23:46:48Z","timestamp":1785714408951,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]],"date-time":"2024-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo (ANID), Ministerio de Ciencias, Chile","award":["3200352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3200352"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Domestic cat blastocysts cultured without the zona pellucida exhibit reduced implantation capacity. However, the protein expression profile has not been evaluated in these embryos. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protein expression profile of domestic cat blastocysts cultured without the zona pellucida. Two experimental groups were generated: (1) domestic cat embryos generated by IVF and cultured in vitro (zona intact, (ZI)) and (2) domestic cat embryos cultured in vitro without the zona pellucida (zona-free (ZF group)). The cleavage, morula, and blastocyst rates were estimated at days 2, 5 and 7, respectively. Day 7 blastocysts and their culture media were subjected to liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS). The UniProt Felis catus database was used to identify the standard proteome. No significant differences were found in the cleavage, morula, or blastocyst rates between the ZI and ZF groups (p &gt; 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed 22 upregulated and 20 downregulated proteins in the ZF blastocysts. Furthermore, 14 proteins involved in embryo development and implantation were present exclusively in the culture medium of the ZI blastocysts. In conclusion, embryo culture without the zona pellucida did not affect in vitro development, but altered the protein expression profile and release of domestic cat blastocysts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T10:24:26Z","timestamp":1713176666000},"page":"4343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Proteomic Analysis of Domestic Cat Blastocysts and Their Secretome Produced in an In Vitro Culture System without the Presence of the Zona Pellucida"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Veraguas-D\u00e1vila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Maule, Km 6 Los Niches, Curic\u00f3 3340000, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Zapata-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constanza","family":"Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, San Sebasti\u00e1n University, Concepci\u00f3n 4081339, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darling","family":"Sa\u00e9z-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Saravia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8828-1449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fidel Ovidio","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4364-1097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lleretny","family":"Rodriguez-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Av. Vicente M\u00e9ndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.02.004","article-title":"Reproductive biology and biotechnologies in wild felids","volume":"150","author":"Thongphakdee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"129","article-title":"Thirty years of assisted reproductive technology in the domestic cat: A selected summary","volume":"43","author":"Pope","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Reprod. Anim."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12067","article-title":"The Domestic Dog and Cat as Models for Understanding the Regulation of Ovarian Follicle Development In Vitro","volume":"47","author":"Songsasen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. 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