{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:49:31Z","timestamp":1790660971919,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EMEKNNOK","award":["996845022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["996845022"]}]},{"name":"EMEKNNOK","award":["71500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71500"]}]},{"name":"KIDS-CRETE (Kidney Inherited Diseases reSearch in Crete)","award":["996845022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["996845022"]}]},{"name":"KIDS-CRETE (Kidney Inherited Diseases reSearch in Crete)","award":["71500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71500"]}]},{"name":"VAT","award":["996845022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["996845022"]}]},{"name":"VAT","award":["71500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71500"]}]},{"name":"Kalessa Heraklion","award":["996845022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["996845022"]}]},{"name":"Kalessa Heraklion","award":["71500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71500"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The evolving landscape of clinical genetics is becoming increasingly relevant in the field of nephrology. HNF1B-associated renal disease presents with a diverse array of renal and extrarenal manifestations, prominently featuring cystic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. For the genetic analyses, whole exome sequencing (WES) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed. Bioinformatics analysis was performed with Ingenuity Clinical Insights software (Qiagen). The patient\u2019s electronic record was utilized after receiving informed consent. In this report, we present seven cases of HNF1B-associated kidney disease, each featuring distinct genetic abnormalities and displaying diverse extrarenal manifestations. Over 12 years, the mean decline in eGFR averaged \u22122.22 \u00b1 0.7 mL\/min\/1.73 m2. Diabetes mellitus was present in five patients, kidney dysplastic lesions in six patients, pancreatic dysplasia, hypomagnesemia and abnormal liver function tests in three patients each. This case series emphasizes the phenotypic variability and the fast decline in kidney function associated with HNF-1B-related disease. Additionally, it underscores that complex clinical presentations may have a retrospectively straightforward explanation through the use of diverse genetic analytical tools.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T07:44:09Z","timestamp":1713771849000},"page":"4552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Phenotypic Variability Associated with Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1B Genetic Defects Poses Challenges in Both Diagnosis and Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0095-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Petrakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sfakiotaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Bitsori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Drosataki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kleio","family":"Dermitzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8123-771X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Pleros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariadni","family":"Androvitsanea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Samonakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3648-3812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amalia","family":"Sertedaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Xekouki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Galanakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3678-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kostas","family":"Stylianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.032854","article-title":"Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1beta and their related phenotypes","volume":"43","author":"Edghill","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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