{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:25:26Z","timestamp":1788848726941,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFD1000606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFD1000606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fruit shape is an important external feature when consumers choose their preferred fruit varieties. Studying persimmon (Diospyros kaki\u00a0Thunb.) fruit shape is beneficial to increasing its commodity value. However, research on persimmon fruit shape is still in the initial stage. In this study, the mechanism of fruit shape formation was studied by cytological observations, phytohormone assays, and transcriptome analysis using the long fruit and flat fruit produced by \u2018Yaoxianwuhua\u2019 hermaphroditic flowers. The results showed that stage 2\u20133 (June 11\u2013June 25) was the critical period for persimmon fruit shape formation. Persimmon fruit shape is determined by cell number in the transverse direction and cell length in the longitudinal direction. High IAA, GA4, ZT, and BR levels may promote long fruit formation by promoting cell elongation in the longitudinal direction, and high GA3 and ABA levels may be more conducive to flat fruit formation by increasing the cell number in the transverse direction and inhibiting cell elongation in the longitudinal direction, respectively. Thirty-two DEGs related to phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways and nine DEGs related to cell division and cell expansion may be involved in the persimmon fruit shape formation process. These results provide valuable information for regulatory mechanism research on persimmon fruit formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25094812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T08:02:22Z","timestamp":1714723342000},"page":"4812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytological, Phytohormone, and Transcriptome Analyses Provide Insights into Persimmon Fruit Shape Formation (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Huawei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha 410004, China"},{"name":"Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujing","family":"Suo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5746-9684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Persimmon in China: Domestication and traditional utilization of genetic resources","volume":"22","author":"Luo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. 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