{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T10:44:25Z","timestamp":1783593865484,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC) stage IA G1, or atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH), undergoing organ-preserving treatment, was conducted. Objective of the study: To determine CDO1, PITX2, and CDH13 gene methylation levels in early endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia specimens obtained before organ-preserving treatment in the patients with adequate response and with insufficient response to hormonal treatment. Materials and methods: A total of 41 endometrial specimens obtained during diagnostic uterine curettage in women with EC (n = 28) and AEH (n = 13), willing to preserve reproductive function, were studied; 18 specimens of uterine cancer IA stage G1 from peri- and early postmenopausal women (comparison group) were included in the study. The control group included 18 endometrial specimens from healthy women obtained by diagnostic curettage for missed abortion and\/or intrauterine adhesions. Methylation levels were analyzed using the modified MS-HRM method. Results: All 13 women with AEH had a complete response (CR) to medical treatment. In the group undergoing organ-preserving treatment for uterine cancer IA stage G1 (n = 28), 14 patients had a complete response (EC CR group) and 14 did not (EC non-CR group). It was found that all groups had statistically significant differences in CDO1 gene methylation levels compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.001) except for the EC CR group (p = 0.21). The p-value for the difference between EC CR and EC non-CR groups was &lt;0.001. The differences in PITX2 gene methylation levels between the control and study groups were also significantly different (p &lt; 0.001), except for the AEH group (p = 0.21). For the difference between EC CR and EC non-CR groups, the p-value was 0.43. For CDH13 gene methylation levels, statistically significant differences were found between the control and EC non-CR groups (p &lt; 0.001), and the control and EC comparison groups (p = 0.005). When comparing the EC CR group with EC non-CR group, the p-value for this gene was &lt;0.001. The simultaneous assessment of CDO1 and CDH13 genes methylation allowed for an accurate distinction between EC CR and EC non-CR groups (AUC = 0.96). Conclusion: The assessment of CDO1 and CDH13 gene methylation in endometrial specimens from patients with endometrial cancer (IA stage G1), scheduled for medical treatment, can predict the treatment outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25094892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T03:30:49Z","timestamp":1714534249000},"page":"4892","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Analysis of CDO1, PITX2, and CDH13 Gene Methylation in Early Endometrial Cancer for Prediction of Medical Treatment Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7883-2702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksey M.","family":"Krasnyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyubov T.","family":"Gadzhieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center \u201cKommunarka\u201d, 108814 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana N.","family":"Kokoeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark G.","family":"Kosenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina L.","family":"Yarotskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislav V.","family":"Pavlovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levon A.","family":"Ashrafyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gennady T.","family":"Sukhikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117198 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000255980.88205.15","article-title":"Prognostic factors for uterine cancer in reproductive-aged women","volume":"109","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet. 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