{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:46:08Z","timestamp":1787510768724,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/00594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/00594"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and complex disease in which different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved. This heterogenicity can be reflected in different atrophy patterns or clinical manifestations. Regarding biochemical pathways involved in early AD, lipid metabolism plays an important role; therefore, lipid levels have been evaluated as potential AD diagnosis biomarkers, and their levels could be related to different AD clinical manifestations. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study AD lipid profiles from early AD patients and evaluate their clinical significance. For this purpose, untargeted plasma lipidomic analysis was carried out in early AD patients (n = 31) diagnosed with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Cluster analysis was carried out to define early AD subgroups according to the lipid levels. Then, the clinical significance of each lipid profile subgroup was studied, analyzing differences for other variables (cognitive status, CSF biomarkers, medication, comorbidities, age, and gender). The cluster analysis revealed two different groups of AD patients. Cluster 1 showed higher levels of plasma lipids and better cognitive status than Cluster 2. However, no differences were found for the other variables (age, gender, medication, comorbidities, cholesterol, and triglycerides levels) between both groups. Plasma lipid levels could differentiate two early AD subgroups, which showed different cognitive statuses. However, further research with a large cohort and longitudinal study evaluating the clinical evolution of these patients is required. In general, it would involve a relevant advance in the knowledge of AD pathological mechanisms, potential treatments, and precision medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T08:03:08Z","timestamp":1715673788000},"page":"5317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Relationship between Plasma Lipid Profile and Cognitive Status in Early Alzheimer Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Pe\u00f1a-Bautista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7016-9739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lourdes","family":"\u00c1lvarez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0596-5613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Garc\u00eda-Lluch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Raga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Quevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Peret\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Balaguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Baquero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Division of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Polit\u00e8cnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0711-5877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Consuelo","family":"Ch\u00e1fer-Peric\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-017-0283-5","article-title":"On the Path to 2025: Understanding the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Continuum","volume":"9","author":"Aisen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. 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