{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:56:26Z","timestamp":1785333386387,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroclaw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUBK.D030.23.023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBK.D030.23.023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A comprehensive study of the interactions of human serum albumin (HSA) and \u03b1-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) with two isoquinoline alkaloids, i.e., allocryptopine (ACP) and protopine (PP), was performed. The UV-Vis spectroscopy, molecular docking, competitive binding assays, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy were used for the investigations. The results showed that ACP and PP form spontaneous and stable complexes with HSA and AAG, with ACP displaying a stronger affinity towards both proteins. Molecular docking studies revealed the preferential binding of ACP and PP to specific sites within HSA, with site 2 (IIIA) being identified as the favored location for both alkaloids. This was supported by competitive binding assays using markers specific to HSA\u2019s drug binding sites. Similarly, for AAG, a decrease in fluorescence intensity upon addition of the alkaloids to AAG\/quinaldine red (QR) complexes indicated the replacement of the marker by the alkaloids, with ACP showing a greater extent of replacement than PP. CD spectroscopy showed that the proteins\u2019 structures remained largely unchanged, suggesting that the formation of complexes did not significantly perturb the overall spatial configuration of these macromolecules. These findings are crucial for advancing the knowledge on the natural product\u2013protein interactions and the future design of isoquinoline alkaloid-based therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T11:31:52Z","timestamp":1715772712000},"page":"5398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Protopine and Allocryptopine Interactions with Plasma Proteins"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2225-7897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0730-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Kotynia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5000-2448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Krzy\u017cak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5758-9667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u017baneta","family":"Czy\u017cnikowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Zieli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Koz\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Bia\u0142as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Club, Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7283-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Matkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7834-846X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Jezierska-Domaradzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00299","article-title":"Greater Celandine\u2019s ups and downs\u221221 centuries of medicinal uses of Chelidonium majus from the viewpoint of today\u2019s pharmacology","volume":"9","author":"Sowa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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