{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:06:57Z","timestamp":1760144817029,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myocardial necrosis following the successful reperfusion of a coronary artery occluded by thrombus in a patient presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) continues to be a serious problem, despite the multiple attempts to attenuate the necrosis with agents that have shown promise in pre-clinical investigations. Possible reasons include confounding clinical risk factors, the delayed application of protective agents, poorly designed pre-clinical investigations, the possible effects of routinely administered agents that might unknowingly already have protected the myocardium or that might have blocked protection, and the biological differences of the myocardium in humans and experimental animals. A better understanding of the pathobiology of myocardial infarction is needed to stem this reperfusion injury. P2Y12 receptor antagonists minimize platelet aggregation and are currently part of the standard treatment to prevent thrombus formation and propagation in STEMI protocols. Serendipitously, these P2Y12 antagonists also dramatically attenuate reperfusion injury in experimental animals and are presumed to provide a similar protection in STEMI patients. However, additional protective agents are needed to further diminish reperfusion injury. It is possible to achieve additive protection if the added intervention protects by a mechanism different from that of P2Y12 antagonists. Inflammation is now recognized to be a critical factor in the complex intracellular response to ischemia and reperfusion that leads to tissue necrosis. Interference with cardiomyocyte inflammasome assembly and activation has shown great promise in attenuating reperfusion injury in pre-clinical animal models. And the blockade of the executioner protease caspase-1, indeed, supplements the protection already seen after the administration of P2Y12 antagonists. Importantly, protective interventions must be applied in the first minutes of reperfusion, if protection is to be achieved. The promise of such a combination of protective strategies provides hope that the successful attenuation of reperfusion injury is attainable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T06:53:49Z","timestamp":1715928829000},"page":"5477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Initial Despair and Current Hope of Identifying a Clinically Useful Treatment of Myocardial Reperfusion Injury: Insights Derived from Studies of Platelet P2Y12 Antagonists and Interference with Inflammation and NLRP3 Assembly"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4543-6708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael V.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"},{"name":"The Departments of Medicine, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Downey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.3.505","article-title":"A perspective of coronary disease seen through the arteries of living man","volume":"75","author":"Forrester","year":"1987","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198010163031601","article-title":"Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction","volume":"303","author":"DeWood","year":"1980","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.311098","article-title":"Reassessing the mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes: The \u201cvulnerable plaque\u201d and superficial erosion","volume":"124","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.3926","article-title":"Fundamental pathobiology of coronary atherosclerosis and clinical implications for chronic ischemic heart disease management-the plaque hypothesis: A narrative review","volume":"8","author":"Stone","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.08.004","article-title":"Anti-platelet drugs and their necessary interaction with endothelial mediators and platelet cyclic nucleotides for therapeutic efficacy","volume":"193","author":"Knowles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511283132201","article-title":"Aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or both in unstable angina\u2014Results of a Canadian multicenter trial","volume":"313","author":"Cairns","year":"1985","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antiplatelet Trialists Collaboration (1988). Secondary prevention of vascular disease by prolonged antiplatelet treatment. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.), 296, 320\u2013331.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6618.320"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antithrombotic Trialists Collaboration (2002). Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ, 324, 71\u201386.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7329.71"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Wang, J., Xu, J., Qin, W., Wang, Y., Luo, S., and Wang, G. (2021). The role and molecular mechanism of P2Y12 receptors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app11199078"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248413508465","article-title":"Combined cardioprotectant and antithrombotic actions of platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonists in acute coronary syndrome: Just what the doctor ordered","volume":"19","author":"Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.912550","article-title":"Randomized double-blind assessment of the ONSET and OFFSET of the antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with stable coronary artery disease: The ONSET\/OFFSET study","volume":"120","author":"Gurbel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.01.024","article-title":"Comparison of prasugrel and ticagrelor loading doses in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: RAPID (Rapid Activity of Platelet Inhibitor Drugs) primary PCI study","volume":"61","author":"Parodi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.56.5.786","article-title":"The wavefront phenomenon of ischemic cell death. 1. Myocardial infarct size vs duration of coronary occlusion in dogs","volume":"56","author":"Reimer","year":"1977","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248411408314","article-title":"Commentary on selected aspects of cardioprotection","volume":"16","author":"Jennings","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.43.1.67","article-title":"Factors influencing infarct size following experimental coronary artery occlusions","volume":"43","author":"Maroko","year":"1971","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.46.3.430","article-title":"Reduction by hyaluronidase of myocardial necrosis following coronary artery occlusion","volume":"46","author":"Maroko","year":"1972","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(73)90030-8","article-title":"Abrupt reoxygenation of the anoxic potassium-arrested perfused rat heart: A study of myocardial enzyme release","volume":"5","author":"Hearse","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.54.3.277","article-title":"Canine myocardial reperfusion injury: Its reduction by the combined administration of superoxide dismutase and catalase","volume":"54","author":"Jolly","year":"1984","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(89)90669-X","article-title":"The role of neutrophils and free radicals in the ischemic-reperfused heart: Why the confusion and controversy?","volume":"21","author":"Reimer","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"794","article-title":"Protecting the acutely ischemic myocardium beyond reperfusion therapies: Are we any closer to realizing the dream of infarct size elimination?","volume":"100","author":"Tissier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Mal. Coeur Vaiss."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.74.5.1124","article-title":"Preconditioning with ischemia: A delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium","volume":"74","author":"Murry","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.70.2.223","article-title":"Blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium channels prevents myocardial preconditioning in dogs","volume":"70","author":"Gross","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"H1107","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning protects against infarction in rat heart","volume":"263","author":"Liu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/26.10.983","article-title":"Ischaemic preconditioning limits infarct size in the rat heart","volume":"26","author":"Yellon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.66.4.1133","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning reduces infarct size in swine myocardium","volume":"66","author":"Schott","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"613","article-title":"The natural history of preconditioning: Cardioprotection depends on duration of transient ischemia and time to subsequent ischemia","volume":"2","author":"Thornton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Coron. Artery Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.5.2351","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning fails to limit infarct size in reserpinized rabbit myocardium. Implication of norepinephrine release in the preconditioning effect","volume":"88","author":"Toombs","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-009-0050-2","article-title":"Attenuation of infarction in cynomolgus monkeys: Preconditioning and postconditioning","volume":"105","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0742-8413(97)00182-5","article-title":"Ischemia and ischemic preconditioning in the buffer-perfused pigeon heart","volume":"119","author":"Rischard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Pharmacol. Toxicol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.1.350","article-title":"Protection against infarction afforded by preconditioning is mediated by A1 adenosine receptors in rabbit heart","volume":"84","author":"Liu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12903","article-title":"Signalling pathways and mechanisms of protection in pre- and postconditioning: Historical perspective and lessons for the future","volume":"172","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.02.014","article-title":"Postconditioning protects rabbit hearts through a protein kinase C-adenosine A2b receptor cascade","volume":"70","author":"Philipp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00433-y","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and consequences of mitochondrial permeability transition","volume":"23","author":"Bonora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000126294.81407.7D","article-title":"Transient mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening mediates preconditioning-induced protection","volume":"109","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-009-0010-x","article-title":"The mitochondrial permeability transition pore as a target for preconditioning and postconditioning","volume":"104","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2003.09.024","article-title":"New directions for protecting the heart against ischaemia-reperfusion injury: Targeting the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase (RISK)-pathway","volume":"61","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H971","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00374.2004","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning protects by activating prosurvival kinases at reperfusion","volume":"288","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H579","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01064.2002","article-title":"Inhibition of myocardial injury by ischemic postconditioning during reperfusion: Comparison with ischemic preconditioning","volume":"285","author":"Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-009-0040-4","article-title":"Ischemic postconditioning: Experimental models and protocol algorithms","volume":"104","author":"Skyschally","year":"2009","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.05.060","article-title":"Multiple, brief coronary occlusions during early reperfusion protect rabbit hearts by targeting cell signaling pathways","volume":"44","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-004-0498-4","article-title":"Postconditioning\u2019s protection is not dependent on circulating blood factors or cells but involves adenosine receptors and requires PI3-kinase and guanylyl cyclase activation","volume":"100","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151290.04952.3B","article-title":"Postconditioning inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition","volume":"111","author":"Argaud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.02.024","article-title":"Mitochondrial permeability transition pore and postconditioning","volume":"70","author":"Argaud","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675710","article-title":"The pH hypothesis of postconditioning: Staccato reperfusion reintroduces oxygen and perpetuates myocardial acidosis","volume":"115","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-008-0737-9","article-title":"Acidosis, oxygen, and interference with mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation in the early minutes of reperfusion are critical to postconditioning\u2019s success","volume":"103","author":"Cohen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.02.013","article-title":"cGMP\/PKG pathway mediates myocardial postconditioning protection in rat hearts by delaying normalization of intracellular acidosis during reperfusion","volume":"50","author":"Inserte","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"V803","article-title":"Postconditioning must be initiated in less than 1 minute following reperfusion and is dependent on adenosine 2b receptors and PI3-kinase","volume":"94","author":"Philipp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Z. Kardiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00418-0","article-title":"Adenosine as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial: The Acute Myocardial Infarction STudy of ADenosine (AMISTAD) trial","volume":"34","author":"Mahaffey","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.061","article-title":"A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of adenosine as an adjunct to reperfusion in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMISTAD-II)","volume":"45","author":"Ross","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-006-0587-2","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide administered just prior to reperfusion limits infarction in rabbit hearts","volume":"101","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61634-1","article-title":"Human atrial natriuretic peptide and nicorandil as adjuncts to reperfusion treatment for acute myocardial infarction (J-WIND): Two randomised trials","volume":"370","author":"Kitakaze","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.25.3032","article-title":"Inhibition of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger with cariporide to prevent myocardial infarction in high-risk ischemic situations. Main results of the GUARDIAN trial","volume":"102","author":"Chaitman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.10.054","article-title":"Sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibition by cariporide to reduce the risk of ischemic cardiac events in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: Results of the EXPEDITION study","volume":"85","author":"Mentzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01608-4","article-title":"The Na+\/H+ exchange inhibitor eniporide as an adjunct to early reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Results of the Evaluation of the Safety and Cardioprotective effects of eniporide in Acute Myocardial Infarction (ESCAMI) trial","volume":"38","author":"Zeymer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00522-0","article-title":"Infarct size limitation by a new Na+-H+ exchange inhibitor, Hoe 642: Difference from preconditioning in the role of protein kinase C","volume":"29","author":"Miura","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.558122","article-title":"Postconditioning the human heart","volume":"112","author":"Staat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.729780","article-title":"Long-term benefit of postconditioning","volume":"117","author":"Thibault","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071142","article-title":"Effect of cyclosporine on reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"359","author":"Piot","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.199430","article-title":"Effect of postconditioning on infarct size in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"96","author":"Saleh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr297","article-title":"Ischaemic postconditioning revisited: Lack of effects on infarct size following primary percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"33","author":"Freixa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001690","article-title":"Ischemic postconditioning during primary percutaneous coronary intervention: The effects of postconditioning on myocardial reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (POST) randomized trial","volume":"128","author":"Hahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000679","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000679","article-title":"Effect of ischemic postconditioning on infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary PCI: Results of the POSTEMI (POstconditioning in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) randomized trial","volume":"3","author":"Limalanathan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.06.026","article-title":"Meta-analysis of randomized trials of postconditioning in ST-elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"114","author":"Favaretto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01700.x","article-title":"Cyclosporin A and cardioprotection: From investigative tool to therapeutic agent","volume":"165","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1505489","article-title":"Cyclosporine before PCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"373","author":"Cung","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.081","article-title":"Cyclosporine A in reperfused myocardial infarction: The multicenter, controlled, open-label CYCLE trial","volume":"67","author":"Ottani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-016-0588-8","article-title":"Ischaemic conditioning and targeting reperfusion injury: A 30 year voyage of discovery","volume":"111","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.086","article-title":"Multitarget strategies to reduce myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury: JACC Review Topic of the Week","volume":"73","author":"Davidson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5252","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14839","article-title":"Co-morbidities and co-medications as confounders of cardioprotection-Does it matter in the clinical setting?","volume":"177","author":"Kleinbongard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00893-5","article-title":"IMproving Preclinical Assessment of Cardioprotective Therapies (IMPACT) criteria: Guidelines of the EU-CARDIOPROTECTION COST Action","volume":"116","author":"Lecour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.121.000348","article-title":"Interaction of cardiovascular nonmodifiable risk factors, comorbidities and comedications with ischemia\/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection by pharmacological treatments and ischemic conditioning","volume":"75","author":"Ferdinandy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248412467692","article-title":"Platelet P2Y12 blockers confer direct postconditioning-like protection in reperfused rabbit hearts","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-013-6474-9","article-title":"Triple therapy greatly increases myocardial salvage during ischemia\/reperfusion in the in situ rat heart","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-012-6436-7","article-title":"Two classes of anti-platelet drugs reduce anatomical infarct size in monkey hearts","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-015-6609-2","article-title":"Cardioprotective properties of the platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, cangrelor: Protective in diabetics and reliant upon the presence of blood","volume":"29","author":"Bell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248419829169","article-title":"Ticagrelor does not protect isolated rat hearts, thus clouding its proposed cardioprotective role through ENT 1 in heart tissue","volume":"24","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/26.12.1195","article-title":"Ischaemic preconditioning is not dependent on neutrophils or glycolytic substrate at reperfusion in rabbit heart","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-015-6633-2","article-title":"Cangrelor-mediated cardioprotection requires platelets and sphingosine phosphorylation","volume":"30","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00876-6","article-title":"The platelet paradox of injury versus protection in myocardial infarction-has it been overlooked?","volume":"116","author":"Kleinbongard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9219825","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9219825","article-title":"Ticagrelor conditioning effects are not additive to cardioprotection induced by direct NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition: Role of RISK, NLRP3, and redox cascades","volume":"2020","author":"Penna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-012-0275-3","article-title":"Cardioprotection by clopidogrel in acute ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients: A retrospective analysis","volume":"107","author":"Roubille","year":"2012","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.06.044","article-title":"Outcome comparison of 600- and 300-mg loading doses of clopidogrel in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Results from the ARMYDA-6 MI (Antiplatelet therapy for Reducton of MYocardial Damage during Angioplasty-Myocardial Infarction) randomized study","volume":"58","author":"Patti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-022-07327-x","article-title":"Do we really need aspirin loading for STEMI?","volume":"36","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-021-07241-8","article-title":"Aspirin blocks the infarct-size limiting effect of ischemic postconditioning in the rat","volume":"37","author":"Birnbaum","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.304002","article-title":"Chronic treatment with ticagrelor limits myocardial infarct size: An adenosine and cyclooxygenase-2-dependent effect","volume":"34","author":"Nanhwan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407024","article-title":"Prehospital ticagrelor in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"371","author":"Montalescot","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1688789","article-title":"Cangrelor versus ticagrelor in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: Impact on platelet activity, myocardial microvascular function and infarct size: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"119","author":"Ubaid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H891","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00259.2019","article-title":"Guidelines for evaluating myocardial cell death","volume":"317","author":"Mishra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2021.02.011","article-title":"Inflammation and ischemic heart disease: The next therapeutic target?","volume":"40","author":"Vilela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Port. Cardiol. (Engl. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00198-1","article-title":"Targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis\u2014From experimental insights to the clinic","volume":"20","author":"Soehnlein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73673","DOI":"10.1177\/10742484211033711","article-title":"Treating acute myocardial infarctions with anti-inflammatory agents","volume":"26","author":"Kloner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000701","article-title":"Inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activity in acute myocardial infarction: A review of pharmacologic agents and clinical outcomes","volume":"74","author":"Buckley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021372","article-title":"Colchicine in patients with chronic coronary disease","volume":"383","author":"Nidorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912388","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of low-dose colchicine after myocardial infarction","volume":"381","author":"Tardif","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050771","article-title":"Colchicine in patients with acute coronary syndrome: The Australian COPS randomized clinical trial","volume":"142","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease","volume":"377","author":"Ridker","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038010","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab for the prevention of hospitalization for heart failure","volume":"139","author":"Everett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e014941","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014941","article-title":"Interleukin-1 blockade inhibits the acute inflammatory response in patients With ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"9","author":"Abbate","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu272","article-title":"The effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist therapy on markers of inflammation in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: The MRC-ILA Heart Study","volume":"36","author":"Morton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.02.049","article-title":"Randomized trial of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"77","author":"Broch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0165-0","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome: Molecular activation and regulation to therapeutics","volume":"19","author":"Swanson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000717","article-title":"NLRP3 Inflammasome in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"74","author":"Mauro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.122.000629","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome: Structure, molecular activation, and inhibitor-NLRP3 interaction","volume":"75","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-023-00822-2","article-title":"Drugging the NLRP3 inflammasome: From signalling mechanisms to therapeutic targets","volume":"23","author":"Lamkanfi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-081022-021207","article-title":"Structural mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation","volume":"41","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makoni, N.J., and Nichols, M.R. (2021). The intricate biophysical puzzle of caspase-1 activation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 699.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2021.108753"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelley, N., Jeltema, D., Duan, Y., and He, Y. (2019). The NLRP3 inflammasome: An overview of mechanisms of activation and regulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133328"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100889","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome: Mechanism of action, role in disease and therapies","volume":"76","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2015.176","article-title":"Inflammasome-dependent IL-1\u03b2 release depends upon membrane permeabilisation","volume":"23","author":"Diamond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00154-z","article-title":"Channelling inflammation: Gasdermins in physiology and disease","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1177\/10742484211027405","article-title":"The role of pyroptosis in ischemic and reperfusion injury of the heart","volume":"26","author":"Popov","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v6.i7.638","article-title":"Calpain system and its involvement in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury","volume":"6","author":"Neuhof","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2605-y","article-title":"CaMKII\/calpain interaction mediates ischemia\/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2010.02.024","article-title":"Calpain translocation and activation as pharmacological targets during myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"49","author":"Hernando","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvs232","article-title":"Contribution of calpains to myocardial ischaemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"96","author":"Inserte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.07.098","article-title":"A membrane potential- and calpain-dependent reversal of caspase-1 inhibition regulates canonical NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19725","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108586108","article-title":"The inflammasome promotes adverse cardiac remodeling following acute myocardial infarction in the mouse","volume":"108","author":"Mezzaroma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx261","article-title":"IL-18 cleavage triggers cardiac inflammation and fibrosis upon \u03b2-adrenergic insult","volume":"39","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97054","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.97054","article-title":"CaMKII\u03b4-mediated inflammatory gene expression and inflammasome activation in cardiomyocytes initiate inflammation and induce fibrosis","volume":"3","author":"Willeford","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034621","article-title":"Inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation initiated in response to pressure overload by Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II \u03b4 signaling in cardiomyocytes are essential for adverse cardiac remodeling","volume":"138","author":"Suetomi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H877","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00223.2019","article-title":"Inflammation in nonischemic heart disease: Initiation by cardiomyocyte CaMKII and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling","volume":"317","author":"Suetomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, J., Lai, X., Fan, X., Ye, B., Zhong, L., Zhang, Y., Shao, R., Shi, S., Huang, W., and Su, L. (2022). Oridonin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Genes, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13112133"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5271251","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5271251","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury by activation of RISK and mitochondrial pathways","volume":"2016","author":"Mastrocola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2018-0480","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of CYP-derived epoxy metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid involve limiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"97","author":"Darwesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.041611398","article-title":"Inhibition of caspase 1 reduces human myocardial ischemic dysfunction via inhibition of IL-18 and IL-1b","volume":"98","author":"Pomerantz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.982777","article-title":"Inflammasome activation of cardiac fibroblasts is essential for myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"123","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000053","article-title":"A novel pharmacologic inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome limits myocardial injury after ischemia-reperfusion in the mouse","volume":"63","author":"Marchetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000247","article-title":"Pharmacologic inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome preserves cardiac function after ischemic and nonischemic injury in the mouse","volume":"66","author":"Marchetti","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.02.043","article-title":"Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome limits the inflammatory injury following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in the mouse","volume":"209","author":"Toldo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_130","first-page":"828","article-title":"The selective NLRP3-inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 reduces infarct size and preserves cardiac function in a pig model of myocardial infarction","volume":"38","author":"Bosch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A13089","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.144.suppl_1.13089","article-title":"Reperfusion injury is reduced by antagonism of NLRP3\u2019s caspase-1","volume":"144","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9743280","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9743280","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis aggravates myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats","volume":"2017","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silvis, M.J.M., Demkes, E.J., Timmers, L., Arslan, F., de Jager, S.C.A., Sluijter, J.P.G., Mosterd, A., de Kleijn, D.P.V., Bosch, L., and van Hout, G.P.J. (2022). NLRP3-inflammasome inhibition with IZD334 does not reduce cardiac damage in a pig model of myocardial infarction. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10123056"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt091","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome is up-regulated in cardiac fibroblasts and mediates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"99","author":"Sandanger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.12.051","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation during myocardial ischemia reperfusion is cardioprotective","volume":"469","author":"Sandanger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-018-1691-0","article-title":"NLRP3 deficiency accelerates pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling via increased TLR4 expression","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.09.148","article-title":"Nlrp3 plays no role in acute cardiac infarction due to low cardiac expression","volume":"177","author":"Jong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.200900531","article-title":"A highly potent and selective caspase 1 inhibitor that utilizes a key 3-cyanopropanoic acid moiety","volume":"5","author":"Boxer","year":"2010","journal-title":"ChemMedChem."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.111344","article-title":"(S)-1-((S)-2-{[1-(4-amino-3-chloro-phenyl)-methanoyl]-amino}-3,3-dimethyl-butanoyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid ((2R,3S)-2-ethoxy-5-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)-amide (VX-765), an orally available selective interleukin (IL)-converting enzyme\/caspase-1 inhibitor, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the release of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18","volume":"321","author":"Wannamaker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2012.10.001","article-title":"Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: A summary of the Eleventh Eilat Conference (EILAT XI)","volume":"103","author":"Bialer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_141","first-page":"473","article-title":"Pharmacological caspase inhibitors: Research towards therapeutic perspectives","volume":"66","author":"Kudelova","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_142","unstructured":"Kaufman, R. (2007). Phase 2 Clinical Study in Psoriasis with Oral Investigational Drug VX-765, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00205465."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-018-0692-z","article-title":"Caspase-1 inhibition by VX-765 administered at reperfusion in P2Y12 receptor antagonist-treated rats provides long-term reduction in myocardial infarct size and preservation of ventricular function","volume":"113","author":"Audia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248417702890","article-title":"The highly selective caspase-1 inhibitor VX-765 provides additive protection against myocardial infarction in rat hearts when combined with a platelet inhibitor","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-018-6781-2","article-title":"The caspase 1 inhibitor VX-765 protects the isolated rat heart via the RISK pathway","volume":"32","author":"Arjun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, X.-M., Cohen, M.V., Sayner, S., Audia, J.P., and Downey, J.M. (2023). Lethal caspase-1\/4-dependent injury occurs in the first minutes of coronary reperfusion and requires calpain activity. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043801"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116631","article-title":"Calpain silencing alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through the NLRP3\/ASC\/caspase-1 axis in mice","volume":"233","author":"Yue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12570","article-title":"The pan-caspase inhibitor Emricasan (IDN-6556) decreases liver injury and fibrosis in a murine model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"35","author":"Barreyro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-023-01010-4","article-title":"Novel GSDMD inhibitor GI-Y1 protects heart against pyroptosis and ischemia\/reperfusion injury by blocking pyroptotic pore formation","volume":"118","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151268","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI151268","article-title":"Gasdermin D inhibition confers antineutrophil-mediated cardioprotection in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"132","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_151","first-page":"1115749","article-title":"Inhibition of GSDMD activates poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and promotes myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.318629","article-title":"GSDMD-mediated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis promotes myocardial I\/R injury","volume":"129","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. Res."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/10\/5477\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:43:58Z","timestamp":1760107438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/10\/5477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"references-count":152,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25105477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25105477","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]}}}