{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:19:54Z","timestamp":1785331194600,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["CUP B23D22000580004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP B23D22000580004"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["MA11916B85BA7037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MA11916B85BA7037"]}]},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed Pozzilli (IS)","award":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"]}]},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed Pozzilli (IS)","award":["CUP B23D22000580004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP B23D22000580004"]}]},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed Pozzilli (IS)","award":["MA11916B85BA7037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MA11916B85BA7037"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"\u201cSapienza\u201d\u2014University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR\u2014M4C2-I1.3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"\u201cSapienza\u201d\u2014University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUP B23D22000580004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP B23D22000580004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004271","name":"\u201cSapienza\u201d\u2014University of Rome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MA11916B85BA7037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MA11916B85BA7037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004271","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gut-dysbiosis-induced lipopolysaccharides (LPS) translocation into systemic circulation has been suggested to be implicated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. This study aimed to assess if oleuropein (OLE), a component of extra virgin olive oil, lowers high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced endotoxemia and, eventually, liver steatosis. An immunohistochemistry analysis of the intestine and liver was performed in (i) control mice (CTR; n = 15), (ii) high-fat-diet fed (HFD) mice (HFD; n = 16), and (iii) HFD mice treated with 6 \u00b5g\/day of OLE for 30 days (HFD + OLE, n = 13). The HFD mice developed significant liver steatosis compared to the controls, an effect that was significantly reduced in the HFD + OLE-treated mice. The amount of hepatocyte LPS localization and the number of TLR4+ macrophages were higher in the HFD mice in the than controls and were lowered in the HFD + OLE-treated mice. The number of CD42b+ platelets was increased in the liver sinusoids of the HFD mice compared to the controls and decreased in the HFD + OLE-treated mice. Compared to the controls, the HFD-treated mice showed a high percentage of intestine PAS+ goblet cells, an increased length of intestinal crypts, LPS localization and TLR4+ expression, and occludin downregulation, an effect counteracted in the HFD + OLE-treated mice. The HFD-fed animals displayed increased systemic levels of LPS and zonulin, but they were reduced in the HFD + OLE-treated animals. It can be seen that OLE administration improves liver steatosis and inflammation in association with decreased LPS translocation into the systemic circulation, hepatocyte localization of LPS and TLR4 downregulation in HFD-induced mouse model of NAFLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T05:40:47Z","timestamp":1716270047000},"page":"5580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Oleuropein, a Component of Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Improves Liver Steatosis and Lobular Inflammation by Lipopolysaccharides\u2013TLR4 Axis Downregulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Schirone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3561-8903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diletta","family":"Overi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8570-2519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Carpino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6216-9595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Carnevale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5220-0587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"De Falco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Nocella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5571-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Bartimoccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1966-5945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Cammisotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Surgical Speciality Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, 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