{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:04:38Z","timestamp":1792692278523,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In eutocic labor, the autonomic nervous system is dominated by the parasympathetic system, which ensures optimal blood flow to the uterus and placenta. This study is focused on the detection of the quantitative presence of catecholamine (C) neurofibers in the internal uterine orifice (IUO) and in the lower uterine segment (LUS) of the pregnant uterus, which could play a role in labor and delivery. A total of 102 women were enrolled before their submission to a scheduled cesarean section (CS); patients showed a singleton fetus in a cephalic presentation outside labor. During CS, surgeons sampled two serial consecutive full-thickness sections 5 mm in depth (including the myometrial layer) on the LUS and two randomly selected samples of 5 mm depth from the IUO of the cervix. All histological samples were studied to quantify the distribution of A nerve fibers. The authors demonstrated a significant and notably higher concentration of A fibers in the IUO (46 \u00b1 4.8) than in the LUS (21 \u00b1 2.6), showing that the pregnant cervix has a greater concentration of A neurofibers than the at-term LUS. Pregnant women\u2019s mechanosensitive pacemakers can operate normally when the body is in a physiological state, which permits normal uterine contractions and eutocic delivery. The increased frequency of C neurofibers in the cervix may influence the smooth muscle cell bundles\u2019 activation, which could cause an aberrant mechano-sensitive pacemaker activation\u2013deactivation cycle. Stressful circumstances (anxiety, tension, fetal head position) cause the sympathetic nervous system to become more active, working through these nerve fibers in the gravid cervix. They might interfere with the mechano-sensitive pacemakers, slowing down the uterine contractions and cervix ripening, which could result in dystocic labor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T10:00:11Z","timestamp":1716372011000},"page":"5630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Localization of Catecholaminergic Neurofibers in Pregnant Cervix as a Possible Myometrial Pacemaker"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Malvasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari (BA), 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5061-8007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-8068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca Raffaello","family":"Damiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari (BA), 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-4648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Dellino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari (BA), 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Trojano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child, Madonna delle Grazie Hospital ASM, 75100 Matera, 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