{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:13:36Z","timestamp":1780582416712,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES\/Brazil)","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES\/Brazil)","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisas (FAPESPA)","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisas (FAPESPA)","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]},{"name":"Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (PROPESP\/UFPA)","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (PROPESP\/UFPA)","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]},{"name":"Rede de Pesquisa em Gen\u00f4mica Populacional Humana","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"Rede de Pesquisa em Gen\u00f4mica Populacional Humana","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]},{"name":"CNPq\/MCTI\/FNDCT\u2014Processo","award":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3381\/2013\/CAPES"]}]},{"name":"CNPq\/MCTI\/FNDCT\u2014Processo","award":["407922\/2021\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407922\/2021\u20130"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) can generate severe complications, such as Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) or Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), with it emerging as the leading cause of terminal (end-stage) renal disease all over the world. For T1DM, the clinical evaluation of DKD uses markers like the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and the Urinary Albumin Excretion (UAE). However, early diagnosis of DKD is still a challenge. For this reason, investigating molecular markers, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), offers a promising perspective to an early diagnosis, highlighting the stability and the ability to reflect incipient molecular manifestations. Thus, here we investigated four miRNAs (hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-501-3p, and hsa-miR-100-5p) regarding nephropathy in patients with T1DM, considering the albuminuria (micro and macro) as a standard to evaluate the groups. As a result, we found a reduced expression of miR-100-5p in patients with MIC, indicating a protective role in nephropathy. Beyond that, expression levels between the groups (Non vs. UAE) were not significant when comparing the miRNAs miR-501-3p and miR-143-3p. Finally, miR-143-3p and miR-100-5p were linked to some target genes such as AKT1, MMP13, and IGF1R, that are connected to signal pathways and cellular metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T05:35:20Z","timestamp":1716442520000},"page":"5663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Downregulation of hsa-miR-100-5p May Be a Protective Factor in the Early Stages of Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4972-980X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey Henrique Gama","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz de Oliveira","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilian Souza D\u2019Albuquerque","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franciane T. Cunha de","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina C. Braga de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9ria S. Galv\u00e3o","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6919-2931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila B. Barbosa de","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o F. Abrah\u00e3o","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia Costa dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e9rcia Neves Marques de","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karem Mil\u00e9o","family":"Fel\u00edcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7001-1483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c2ndrea","family":"Ribeiro-dos-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Soares","family":"Fel\u00edcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabology\/Diabetes Unit, Jo\u00e3o de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9814-4819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna C.","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-02778-6","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes at the Dawn of the Personalized Medicine Era","volume":"19","author":"Akil","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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