{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:24:15Z","timestamp":1789691055552,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We analyzed and compared variations in the urinary metabolome, as well as postnatal clinical outcomes among preterm infants, based on the timing of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) administration in response to preterm labor onset in their mothers. This was a prospective observational study held in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Woman\u2019s and Child\u2019s Health, Padova University Hospital (Italy). A urine sample was obtained from each patient within 24 h of birth; Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics analysis was then conducted. We searched for any significant disparities in the metabolomic profile of preterm newborns subjected to antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment at varying timings; their correlation with clinical outcomes were also evaluated. The group receiving ACS within the optimal time window (1\u20137 days before delivery) exhibited elevated levels of cysteine, N-acetylglutamine, propionyl carnitine and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, coupled with a decrease in pipecolic acid. Clinically, this group demonstrated a reduced need for invasive ventilation (p = 0.04). In conclusion, metabolomics analysis identified several metabolites that discriminated preterm infants whose mothers received ACS within the recommended time window. Elevated levels of cysteine and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, metabolites characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, were observed in these infants. This metabolic profile correlated with improved respiratory outcomes, as evidenced by a reduced necessity for invasive ventilation at birth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T03:48:49Z","timestamp":1716868129000},"page":"5860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Impact of Antenatal Corticosteroids on the Metabolome of Preterm Newborns: An Untargeted Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7454-157X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Valerio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Womens\u2019 and Children\u2019s Health, Azienda Ospedale-Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Pediatric Research \u201cCitt\u00e0 della Speranza\u201d, 35127 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-9982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Meneghelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Womens\u2019 and Children\u2019s Health, Azienda Ospedale-Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9296-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Stocchero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Womens\u2019 and Children\u2019s Health, Azienda Ospedale-Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Pediatric Research \u201cCitt\u00e0 della Speranza\u201d, 35127 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8885-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Galderisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pediatric Research \u201cCitt\u00e0 della Speranza\u201d, 35127 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Visentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7700-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Bonadies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Womens\u2019 and Children\u2019s Health, Azienda 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