{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:50:43Z","timestamp":1777531843466,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00261982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00261982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1F1A1073962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1F1A1073962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00358981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00358981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00227084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00227084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024IP0086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024IP0086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00261982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00261982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1F1A1073962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1F1A1073962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00358981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00358981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00227084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00227084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024IP0086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024IP0086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00261982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00261982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1F1A1073962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1F1A1073962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00358981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00358981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00227084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00227084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Bio&amp;Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024IP0086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024IP0086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00261982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00261982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B0704997013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1F1A1073962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1F1A1073962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00358981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00358981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00227084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00227084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024IP0086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024IP0086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15\u201320% of all breast cancer types, indicating a poor survival prognosis with a more aggressive biology of metastasis to the lung and a short response duration to available therapies. Ibulocydine (IB) is a novel (cyclin-dependent kinase) CDK7\/9 inhibitor prodrug displaying potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer cell types. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether IB inhibits metastasis and eventually overcomes the poor drug response in TNBC. The result showed that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells by inducing caspase-mediated apoptosis and blocking metastasis by reducing MMP-9 expression in vitro. Concurrently, in vivo experiments using the metastasis model showed that IB inhibited metastasis of MDA-MB-231-Luc cells to the lung. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells and blocked metastasis by regulating MMP-9 expression, suggesting a novel therapeutic agent for metastatic TNBC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T10:06:01Z","timestamp":1717409161000},"page":"6123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ibulocydine Inhibits Migration and Invasion of TNBC Cells via MMP-9 Regulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mi-Ri","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Jung","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Jin","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seol-Hwa","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ga-Won","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye-Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1736-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Yong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0182-9721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myoung-Hee","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6924-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byeong-Moon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee-Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae-Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong-Jai","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si-Yeol","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6065-4845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seok-Soon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seong-Yun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-2010-0307","article-title":"Triple negative breast cancer cell lines: One tool in the search for better treatment of triple negative breast cancer","volume":"32","author":"Chavez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.3816\/CBC.2009.s.008","article-title":"Biology, metastatic patterns, and treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"9 Suppl 2","author":"Anders","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3859-y","article-title":"An overview of triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"293","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medina, M.A., Oza, G., Sharma, A., Arriaga, L.G., Hern\u00e1ndez Hern\u00e1ndez, J.M., Rotello, V.M., and Ramirez, J.T. (2020). Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of Conventional and Advanced Therapeutic Strategies. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17062078"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758835920906047","DOI":"10.1177\/1758835920906047","article-title":"Pin1 plays a key role in the response to treatment and clinical outcome in triple negative breast cancer","volume":"12","author":"Knowlson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-020-09885-8","article-title":"CDK7 inhibitors as anticancer drugs","volume":"39","author":"Sava","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2013.04.003","article-title":"A Cdk7-Cdk4 T-loop phosphorylation cascade promotes G1 progression","volume":"50","author":"Schachter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26293","article-title":"CDK9: A key player in cancer and other diseases","volume":"119","author":"Franco","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2174\/138945010790711950","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors as anticancer drugs","volume":"11","author":"Krystof","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Drug. Targets"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8095","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202595","article-title":"Expression and prognostic value of transcription-associated cyclin-dependent kinases in human breast cancer","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, K., Jiang, M., Liu, H., Meng, C., Li, M., and Lu, H. (2024). Discovery of novel co-degradation CK1\u03b1 and CDK7\/9 PROTACs with p53 activation for treating acute myeloid leukemia. Bioorg. Chem., 147.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2024.107319"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-019-1161-9","article-title":"A kinase inhibitor screen identifies a dual cdc7\/CDK9 inhibitor to sensitise triple-negative breast cancer to EGFR-targeted therapy","volume":"21","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.02.008","article-title":"Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases as cancer therapeutics","volume":"173","author":"Whittaker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1913","article-title":"CDK inhibitors in cancer therapy, an overview of recent development","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4504","article-title":"The history and future of targeting cyclin-dependent kinases in cancer therapy","volume":"14","author":"Asghar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DRUG.0000026258.02846.1c","article-title":"Phase II trial of flavopiridol, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, in untreated metastatic malignant melanoma","volume":"22","author":"Tozer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Investig. New Drugs"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg343","article-title":"Phase II study of flavopiridol in patients with advanced colorectal cancer","volume":"14","author":"Aklilu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603509","article-title":"A phase I trial of the selective oral cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor seliciclib (CYC202; R-Roscovitine), administered twice daily for 7 days every 21 days","volume":"96","author":"Benson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.08.001","article-title":"Phase I evaluation of seliciclib (R-roscovitine), a novel oral cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced malignancies","volume":"46","author":"Faivre","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6208","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-0301","article-title":"The development of a selective cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that shows antitumor activity","volume":"69","author":"Ali","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-16-0847","article-title":"ICEC0942, an Orally Bioavailable Selective Inhibitor of CDK7 for Cancer Treatment","volume":"17","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201600535","article-title":"Inhibitor Selectivity for Cyclin-Dependent Kinase\u20057: A\u2005Structural, Thermodynamic, and Modelling Study","volume":"12","author":"Hazel","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Constantin, T.A., Varela-Carver, A., Greenland, K.K., de Almeida, G.S., Olden, E., Penfold, L., Ang, S., Ormrod, A., Leach, D.A., and Lai, C.-F. (2023). The CDK7 inhibitor CT7001 (Samuraciclib) targets proliferation pathways to inhibit advanced prostate cancer. Br. J. Cancer.","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.06.29.497030"},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Coates, D., Montero, C., Patel, B., Remick, D., and Yadav, V. (2019). Compounds Useful for Inhibiting CDK7, Eli Lilly and Company."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3675","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00595-14","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 controls mRNA synthesis by affecting stability of preinitiation complexes, leading to altered gene expression, cell cycle progression, and survival of tumor cells","volume":"34","author":"Kelso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-0119","article-title":"Discovery and Characterization of SY-1365, a Selective, Covalent Inhibitor of CDK7","volume":"79","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13393","article-title":"Targeting transcription regulation in cancer with a covalent CDK7 inhibitor","volume":"511","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.063","article-title":"CDK7-dependent transcriptional addiction in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"163","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2019.02.012","article-title":"Development of a Selective CDK7 Covalent Inhibitor Reveals Predominant Cell-Cycle Phenotype","volume":"26","author":"Olson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7193","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43760-z","article-title":"Efficacy of the novel CDK7 inhibitor QS1189 in mantle cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2019-4421","article-title":"Abstract 4421: SY-5609, an orally available selective CDK7 inhibitor demonstrates broad anti-tumor activity in vivo","volume":"79","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P1-18-10","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.SABCS21-P1-18-10","article-title":"Abstract P1-18-10: A clinical study of samuraciclib (CT7001), a first-in-class, oral, selective inhibitor of CDK7, in patients with advanced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)","volume":"82","author":"Howell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19662","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.209551","article-title":"Ibulocydine is a novel prodrug Cdk inhibitor that effectively induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"286","author":"Cho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2016.12.001","article-title":"Ibulocydine sensitizes human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via calpain-mediated Bax cleavage","volume":"83","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.07.005","article-title":"Ibulocydine sensitizes human cancers to radiotherapy by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis","volume":"112","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01577-y","article-title":"CDK7 in breast cancer: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential","volume":"22","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr-20-2911","article-title":"Expression of CDK7 correlates with molecular subtypes and predicts clinical outcomes in breast cancer","volume":"10","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2021.06.005","article-title":"Discovery of a tetrahydroisoquinoline-based CDK9-cyclin T1 protein-protein interaction inhibitor as an anti-proliferative and anti-migration agent against triple-negative breast cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.10.024","article-title":"Inhibition of the CDK9-cyclin T1 protein-protein interaction as a new approach against triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2546","article-title":"Therapeutic Rationale to Target Highly Expressed CDK7 Conferring Poor Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"77","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2013_038","article-title":"Distant metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"60","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020117-043854","article-title":"Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Metastasis","volume":"13","author":"Mittal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9423907","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9423907","article-title":"The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"2019","author":"Scheau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Cell Pathol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI36183","article-title":"Biomarkers for epithelial-mesenchymal transitions","volume":"119","author":"Zeisberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-012-0335-4","article-title":"High expression of CD147 and MMP-9 is correlated with poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"1750834","article-title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Nomograms for Lung Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Methods Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2018.1456599","article-title":"Breast cancer lung metastasis: Molecular biology and therapeutic implications","volume":"19","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-021-01038-6","article-title":"Emerging Therapeutics for Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"23","author":"Agostinetto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5223","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S310649","article-title":"Potential Prospect of CDK4\/6 Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choupani, E., Madjd, Z., Saraygord-Afshari, N., Kiani, J., and Hosseini, A. (2022). Combination of androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide with the CDK4\/6 inhibitor ribociclib in triple negative breast cancer cells. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279522"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02347-1","article-title":"Transcription associated cyclin-dependent kinases as therapeutic targets for prostate cancer","volume":"41","author":"Constantin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7458","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.9b01985","article-title":"CDK7 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: The Sweet Smell of Success?","volume":"63","author":"Diab","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607303","article-title":"Palbociclib and Letrozole in Advanced Breast Cancer","volume":"375","author":"Finn","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.4301","article-title":"Fulvestrant-Palbociclib vs Letrozole-Palbociclib as Initial Therapy for Endocrine-Sensitive, Hormone Receptor-Positive, ERBB2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Bellet","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-05125-4","article-title":"Palbociclib plus letrozole as first-line therapy in estrogen receptor-positive\/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer with extended follow-up","volume":"174","author":"Rugo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-021-01409-8","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of first-line palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone for HR+\/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in US real-world clinical practice","volume":"23","author":"DeMichele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2015, May 08). MDA-MB-435, and Its Derivation MDA-N, Are Melanoma Cell Lines, Not Breast Cancer Cell Lines, Available online: https:\/\/dtp.cancer.gov\/discovery_development\/nci-60\/mda-mb-435.htm."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15002","DOI":"10.1038\/npjbcancer.2015.2","article-title":"Continued use of MDA-MB-435, a melanoma cell line, as a model for human breast cancer, even in year, 2014","volume":"1","author":"Prasad","year":"2015","journal-title":"npj Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabral-Pacheco, G.A., Garza-Veloz, I., Castruita-De la Rosa, C., Ramirez-Acu\u00f1a, J.M., Perez-Romero, B.A., Guerrero-Rodriguez, J.F., Martinez-Avila, N., and Martinez-Fierro, M.L. (2020). The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249739"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1932","article-title":"Tumor cell-produced matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) drives malignant progression and metastasis of basal-like triple negative breast cancer","volume":"5","author":"Mehner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768166","article-title":"The Role of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene in Tumor Development and Metastasis: A Narrative Review","volume":"10","author":"Kalali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob. Med. Genet"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1080\/19336918.2019.1639303","article-title":"TIMP-2 inhibits metastasis and predicts prognosis of colorectal cancer via regulating MMP-9","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Adh. Migr."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6683391","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6683391","article-title":"MMP-9 Knockdown Inhibits Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lymph Node Metastasis in the Nude Mouse Tongue-Xenografted Model through the RhoC\/Src Pathway","volume":"2021","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Cell Pathol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kciuk, M., Gieleci\u0144ska, A., Budzinska, A., Mojzych, M., and Kontek, R. (2022). Metastasis and MAPK Pathways. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073847"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006741228402","article-title":"ERK signalling in metastatic human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells is adapted to obtain high urokinase expression and rapid cell proliferation","volume":"17","author":"Seddighzadeh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215884","article-title":"NNMT contributes to high metastasis of triple negative breast cancer by enhancing PP2A\/MEK\/ERK\/c-Jun\/ABCA1 pathway mediated membrane fluidity","volume":"547","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2018.05.009","article-title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid stimulates ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion via ERK\/NF-\u03baB\/MMP-2\/-9 pathway","volume":"294","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3648","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24072","article-title":"p38\u03b1 MAPK mediates 17\u03b2-estradiol inhibition of MMP-2 and -9 expression and cell migration in human lovo colon cancer cells","volume":"227","author":"Hsu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20812","article-title":"Nimbolide retards tumor cell migra-tion, invasion, and angiogenesis by downregulating MMP-2\/9 expression via inhibiting ERK1\/2 and reducing DNA-binding activity of NF-\u03baB in colon cancer cells","volume":"51","author":"Babykutty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Carcinog."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2014.07.009","article-title":"Antitumor action of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, YF479, in breast cancer","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.8077","article-title":"Noninvasive theranostic imaging of HSV1-sr39TK-NTR\/GCV-CB1954 dual-prodrug therapy in metastatic lung lesions of MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer in mice","volume":"4","author":"Sekar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05035-5","article-title":"Peptide density targets and impedes triple negative breast cancer metastasis","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22320","article-title":"Distinct organ-specific metastatic potential of individual breast cancer cells and primary tumors","volume":"115","author":"Minn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/11\/6123\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:52:22Z","timestamp":1760107942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/11\/6123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25116123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25116123","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}}}