{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T16:55:40Z","timestamp":1784220940426,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, five coronaviruses have been found to infect humans, including SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) [...]<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T08:43:54Z","timestamp":1717577034000},"page":"6172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Molecular Research on Coronavirus: Pathogenic Mechanisms, Antiviral Drugs, and New Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mengjia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7114-762X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13084-X","article-title":"Novel coronavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"361","author":"Falsey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1024","article-title":"Identification of a new human coronavirus","volume":"10","author":"Pyrc","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.2.884-895.2005","article-title":"Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia","volume":"79","author":"Woo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","article-title":"Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia","volume":"367","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"257","article-title":"A transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs","volume":"108","author":"Doyle","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01317606","article-title":"A new coronavirus-like particle associated with diarrhea in swine","volume":"58","author":"Pensaert","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06540-11","article-title":"Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus Deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus","volume":"86","author":"Woo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0010-9","article-title":"Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin","volume":"556","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"3409","article-title":"Novel 2019 coronavirus structure, mechanism of action, antiviral drug promises and rule out against its treatment","volume":"39","author":"Boopathi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mungroo, M.R., Khan, N.A., and Siddiqui, R. (2020). Novel coronavirus: Current understanding of clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment options. Pathogens, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9040297"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4856","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-02074-2","article-title":"Therapeutic strategies in the development of anti-viral drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"57","author":"Bhatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-021-09789-3","article-title":"Von willebrand factor collagen-binding capacity predicts in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients: Insight from VWF\/ADAMTS13 ratio imbalance","volume":"24","author":"Philippe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-020-09762-6","article-title":"Circulating von willebrand factor and high molecular weight multimers as markers of endothelial injury predict COVID-19 in-hospital mortality","volume":"24","author":"Philippe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-020-09730-0","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2 as a marker of endothelial activation is a good predictor factor for intensive care unit admission of COVID-19 patients","volume":"23","author":"Smadja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-021-09805-6","article-title":"COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: Insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects","volume":"24","author":"Smadja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-020-09753-7","article-title":"Microvascular dysfunction in COVID-19: The MYSTIC study","volume":"24","author":"Rovas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2015432","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in COVID-19","volume":"383","author":"Ackermann","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3038","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa623","article-title":"COVID-19 is, in the end, an endothelial disease","volume":"41","author":"Libby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12489","article-title":"Plasma MMP and TIMP evaluation in patients with deep venous thrombosis: Could they have a predictive role in the development of post-thrombotic syndrome?","volume":"13","author":"Gallelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wigner-Jeziorska, P., Janik-Karpi\u0144ska, E., Niwald, M., Saluk, J., and Miller, E. (2023). Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and BNT162b2 Vaccination on the mRNA Expression of Genes Associated with Angiogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242216094"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04111-z","article-title":"Independent infections of porcine deltacoronavirus among Haitian children","volume":"600","author":"Lednicky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01448-19","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01448-19","article-title":"Broad Cross-Species Infection of Cultured Cells by Bat HKU2-Related Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus and Identification of Its Replication in Murine Dendritic Cells In Vivo Highlight Its Potential for Diverse Interspecies Transmission","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26915","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2001046117","article-title":"Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus replication in primary human cells reveals potential susceptibility to infection","volume":"117","author":"Edwards","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s44149-023-00080-0","article-title":"Antigen epitopes of animal coronaviruses: A mini-review","volume":"3","author":"Su","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim Dis."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/11\/6172\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:53:16Z","timestamp":1760107996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/11\/6172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25116172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25116172","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]}}}