{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:09:32Z","timestamp":1787987372747,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Imperial College London"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal ischemia-reperfusion is a common cause of acute kidney injury leading to significant morbidity and mortality. There are no effective treatments available in clinical practice. This meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of IL-10 immunotherapy on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Medline, Embase, Cochrane-library, Google Scholar and clinicaltrials.gov were searched up to 31 March 2023. Preclinical and clinical interventional studies investigating IL-10 immunotherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion were eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoint was renal function (serum creatinine) following ischemia-reperfusion. The secondary endpoints included mitochondrial integrity, cellular proliferation, regulated cell death (TUNEL assay), expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6 and IL-1\u03b2), M1\/M2 macrophage polarization, tissue integrity (tubular injury score), long-term kidney fibrosis (fibrotic area %) and adverse events (pulmonary toxicity, cardiotoxicity hepatotoxicity). The search returned 861 records. From these, 16 full texts were screened and subsequently, seven animal studies, corresponding to a population of 268 mice\/rats, were included. Compared to the control treatment, IL-10 immunotherapy reduced serum creatinine more effectively within 24 h of administration (95% CI: \u22129.177, \u22125.601, I2 = 22.42%). IL-10 immunotherapy promoted mitochondrial integrity and cellular proliferation and reduced regulated cell death (95% CI: \u221211.000, \u22124.184, I2 = 74.94%). It decreased the expression of TNF-\u03b1, IL-6 and IL-1\u03b2, led to M2 polarization of the local macrophages, reduced tubular injury score (95% CI: \u22128.917, \u22125.755, I2 = 22.71%), and long-term kidney fibrosis (95% CI: \u22126.963, \u22123.438, I2 = 0%). No adverse outcomes were captured. In Conclusion, IL-10 immunotherapy safely improves outcomes in animal models of renal ischemia-reperfusion; the translational potential of IL-10 immunotherapy needs to be further investigated in clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T11:50:09Z","timestamp":1717588209000},"page":"6231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Effect of Interleukin-10 Immunotherapy on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7867-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apostolos","family":"Prionas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Hamaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vanezis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Reebye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4920-4154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagy","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassilios","family":"Papalois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.02.009","article-title":"Regulated necrosis in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"96","author":"Murphy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke, G.J., Pischke, S.E., Berger, S.P., Sanders, J.S.F., Pol, R.A., Struys, M.M.R.F., Ploeg, R.J., and Leuvenink, H.G.D. 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