{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T08:54:46Z","timestamp":1768812886567,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki (National Centre of Science) in Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/21\/B\/NZ5\/01902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/21\/B\/NZ5\/01902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Opinions on the effects of osteoprotegerin (OPG) have evolved over the years from a protein protecting the vasculature from calcification to a cardiovascular risk factor contributing to inflammation within the vascular wall. Nowadays, the link between OPG and angiotensin II (Ang II) appears to be particularly important. In this study, the endothelial function was investigated in OPG-knockout mice (B6.129.S4-OPG, OPG\u2212) and wild-type (C57BL\/6J, OPG+) mice under basic conditions and after Ang II exposure by assessing the endothelium-dependent diastolic response of aortic rings to acetylcholine in vitro. A further aim of the study was to compare the effect of Ang II on the expression of cytokines in the aortic wall of both groups of mice. Our study shows that rings from OPG\u2212 mice had their normal endothelial function preserved after incubation with Ang II, whereas those from OPG+ mice showed significant endothelial dysfunction. We conclude that the absence of OPG, although associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in the vascular wall, simultaneously protects against Ang II-induced increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the murine vascular wall. Our study also demonstrates that the absence of OPG can result in a decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the vascular wall after Ang II exposure. The presence of OPG is therefore crucial for the development of Ang II-induced inflammation in the vascular wall and for the development of Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T12:11:00Z","timestamp":1718107860000},"page":"6434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Osteoprotegerin Is Essential for the Development of Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Angiotensin II in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0396-1873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mieczys\u0142aw","family":"Dutka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5343-1205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Garczorz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6767-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kosowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4955-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elzbieta","family":"Buczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8439-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Godek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3681-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Wojakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6321-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Francuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-012-0088-6","article-title":"TNF Revisited: Osteoprotegerin and TNF\u2014Related Molecules in Heart Failure","volume":"9","author":"Ueland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. 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