{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T22:59:44Z","timestamp":1788562784592,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copper is a transition metal essential for growth and development and indispensable for eukaryotic life. This metal is essential to neuronal function: its deficiency, as well as its overload have been associated with multiple neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Wilson\u2019s disease and psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorders. Copper plays a fundamental role in the development and function of the human Central Nervous System (CNS), being a cofactor of multiple enzymes that play a key role in physiology during development. In this context, we thought it would be timely to summarize data on alterations in the metabolism of copper at the CNS level that might influence the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms. We present a non-systematic review with the study selection based on the authors\u2019 judgement to offer the reader a perspective on the most significant elements of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Wilson\u2019s disease. We highlight that Wilson\u2019s disease is characterized by marked heterogeneity in clinical presentation among patients with the same mutation. This should motivate more research efforts to disentangle the role of environmental factors in modulating the expression of genetic predisposition to this disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T03:52:53Z","timestamp":1718337173000},"page":"6487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Role of Copper Overload in Modulating Neuropsychiatric Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Manchia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9953-6929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Paribello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Sardinia Health Agency, 09123 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0189-8612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavino","family":"Faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23143","article-title":"Copper Signaling in the Mammalian Nervous System: Synaptic Effects","volume":"91","author":"Gaier","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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