{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:39:03Z","timestamp":1791923943017,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":187,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biotin (vitamin B7, or vitamin H) is a water-soluble B-vitamin that functions as a cofactor for carboxylases, i.e., enzymes involved in the cellular metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids and in gluconeogenesis; moreover, as reported, biotin may be involved in gene regulation. Biotin is not synthesized by human cells, but it is found in food and is also produced by intestinal bacteria. Biotin status\/homeostasis in human individuals depends on several factors, including efficiency\/deficiency of the enzymes involved in biotin recycling within the human organism (biotinidase, holocarboxylase synthetase), and\/or effectiveness of intestinal uptake, which is mainly accomplished through the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter. In the last years, administration of biotin at high\/\u201cpharmacological\u201d doses has been proposed to treat specific defects\/deficiencies and human disorders, exhibiting mainly neurological and\/or dermatological symptoms and including biotinidase deficiency, holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, and biotin\u2013thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease. On the other hand, according to warnings of the Food and Drug Administration, USA, high biotin levels can affect clinical biotin-(strept)avidin assays and thus lead to false results during quantification of critical biomarkers. In this review article, recent findings\/advancements that may offer new insight in the abovementioned research fields concerning biotin will be presented and briefly discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T08:52:10Z","timestamp":1718355130000},"page":"6578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Biotin Homeostasis and Human Disorders: Recent Findings and Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0939-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chrysoula-Evangelia","family":"Karachaliou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopeptide Chemistry Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research \u201cDemokritos\u201d, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0165-9029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Livaniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopeptide Chemistry Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research \u201cDemokritos\u201d, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-2199-9_1","article-title":"Biotin: Biochemical, physiological and clinical aspects","volume":"56","author":"Said","year":"2012","journal-title":"Subcell. 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