{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:06:32Z","timestamp":1791230792660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine","award":["6-2017-0081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-2017-0081"]}]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"]}]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine","award":["2024-31-0603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-31-0603"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIP)","award":["6-2017-0081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-2017-0081"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIP)","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIP)","award":["2024-31-0603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-31-0603"]}]},{"name":"Korea Medical Institute","award":["6-2017-0081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-2017-0081"]}]},{"name":"Korea Medical Institute","award":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A2B4001848"]}]},{"name":"Korea Medical Institute","award":["2024-31-0603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-31-0603"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gut microbial and metabolic characteristics of intestinal Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (BD), a condition sharing many clinical similarities with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn\u2019s disease (CD), are largely unexplored. This study investigated the gut microbial and metabolic characteristics of intestinal BD as well as potential biomarkers, comparing them with those in UC, CD, and healthy controls. Colon tissue and stool samples from 100 patients (35 UC, 30 CD, and 35 intestinal BD) and 41 healthy volunteers were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to assess microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and functional profiling. Plasma metabolomic analyses were performed using gas chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results indicated reduced microbial diversity in CD but not in intestinal BD, with intestinal BD showing fewer changes compared to controls yet distinct taxonomic features from UC, CD, and controls. Common alterations across all diseases included a reduction in beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids. Intestinal BD-specific changes featured a decreased abundance of Bacteroides fragilis. Metabolomic profiles in intestinal BD were similar to those in CD but distinct from those in UC, displaying significant changes in energy metabolism and genetic information processing. This integrative analysis revealed both shared and unique profiles in intestinal BD compared with UC, CD, and controls, advancing our understanding of the distinctive features of these diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T03:46:29Z","timestamp":1718855189000},"page":"6697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Integrated Analysis of Microbiome and Metabolome Reveals Disease-Specific Profiles in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Intestinal Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8811-0631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yehyun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Bum","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6546-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I Seul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mijeong","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Woo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Hee","family":"Cheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312135","article-title":"Interplay of host genetics and gut microbiota underlying the onset and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"67","author":"Imhann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2016.1205486","article-title":"Behcet\u2019s disease: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Davatchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev. 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