{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:31:12Z","timestamp":1792798272284,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a key role in many aspects of cellular metabolism. For CoQ10 to function normally, continual interconversion between its oxidised (ubiquinone) and reduced (ubiquinol) forms is required. Given the central importance of this ubiquinone\u2013ubiquinol redox cycle, this article reviews what is currently known about this process and the implications for clinical practice. In mitochondria, ubiquinone is reduced to ubiquinol by Complex I or II, Complex III (the Q cycle) re-oxidises ubiquinol to ubiquinone, and extra-mitochondrial oxidoreductase enzymes participate in the ubiquinone\u2013ubiquinol redox cycle. In clinical terms, the outcome of deficiencies in various components associated with the ubiquinone\u2013ubiquinol redox cycle is reviewed, with a particular focus on the potential clinical benefits of CoQ10 and selenium co-supplementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T03:46:29Z","timestamp":1718855189000},"page":"6765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The Ubiquinone-Ubiquinol Redox Cycle and Its Clinical Consequences: An Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Mantle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharma Nord (UK) Ltd., Morpeth NE61 2DB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mollie","family":"Dewsbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain P.","family":"Hargreaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2001.10719063","article-title":"Biochemical functions of coenzyme Q10","volume":"20","author":"Crane","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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